...Keely R. Corder; Kristen J. DeMoranville; David E. Russell; Janice M. Huss; Paul J. Schaeffer ABSTRACT The annual cycle of a migrating bird involves metabolically distinct stages of substantial fatty acid storage and periods of increased fatty acid mobilization and utilization, and thus requires...

... and how immune responses correlate with baseline values that vary, for example, over the course of an annual cycle. We studied immunological responses to an endotoxin challenge in skylarks ( Alauda arvensis ), a partial migrant bird breeding in temperate zones. We compared birds injected...

...M. A. Versteegh; B. Helm; E. Gwinner; B. I. Tieleman SUMMARY Birds have adjusted their life history and physiological traits to the characteristics of the seasonally changing environments they inhabit. Annual cycles in physiology can result from phenotypic flexibility or from variation in its...

... and possibly the timing of moult may be used as mechanisms to reduce seasonal variation in energy expenditure. * Author for correspondence ( [email protected] ) 2 6 2011 21 5 2012 © 2012. 2012 migratory bird annual cycle heart rate daily energy expenditure...

...Jorge S. Gutiérrez; José A. Masero; José M. Abad-Gómez; Auxiliadora Villegas; Juan M. Sánchez-Guzmán SUMMARY Many migratory vertebrates typically move between habitats with varying salinities during the annual cycle. These organisms clearly exhibit a remarkable phenotypic flexibility...

...Zeev Arad; Tal Mizrahi; Shoshana Goldenberg; Joseph Heller SUMMARY Land snails are subject to daily and seasonal variations in temperature and in water availability, and have evolved annual cycles of activity and aestivation as part of their survival strategy. We tested in the field whether...