... of climbing flight kinematics among closely related butterfly species living in different strata reveals contrasted climbing flight ability, probably resulting from divergent flight behaviour and morphology. Animal locomotion Evasive manoeuvres Ecological specialisation Insect flight Wingbeat...

...: Demonstration of a new high-speed structured-light technique that can automatically record the 3D surface of a bird taking off to analyze wing geometry and aerodynamic variables time-resolved. Animal locomotion High speed Single shot Structured light Surface reconstruction Wing morphing All...

...Oliver P. Dewhirst; Kyle Roskilly; Tatjana Y. Hubel; Neil R. Jordan; Krystyna A. Golabek; J. Weldon McNutt; Alan M. Wilson ABSTRACT Changes in stride frequency and length with speed are key parameters in animal locomotion research. They are commonly measured in a laboratory on a treadmill...

..., USA * Author for correspondence ( carr@fas.harvard.edu ) 24 5 2011 © 2011. 2011 animal locomotion differential strain muscle physiology Determining the mechanical function of large locomotor muscles is challenging because these muscles may have regional variation...

... ) raised to the power 1/6, in accordance with the constructal scaling of animal locomotion. The world records also show that the speeds have increased in proportion with body heights ( H )raised to the power 1/2, in accordance with animal locomotion scaling. If the athlete's body is modeled with two length...

...{document} , and shows why these relations hold for running, flying and swimming. Animal locomotion is an optimized two-step intermittency: an optimal balance is achieved between the vertical loss of useful energy (lifting the body weight,which later drops), and the horizontal loss caused by friction...

... joint mobility. * Author for correspondence (e-mail: kisler@aim.unizh.ch ) 6 8 2003 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2003 2003 kinematics animal locomotion vertical climbing spatio-temporal gait parameters primates orang-utans Pongo pygmaeus abelii Vertical...

.... Therefore it is incorrect and potentially misleading to assume that achieving kinematic similarity in models of measured animal locomotion will necessarily provide dynamically correct models. Ultimately, the purpose of the fineness ratio in the dynamical model is to provide an estimate of bell volume...