... of Ambystoma maculatum during overwintering emergence shows that both innate (migration restlessness) and external (temperature and gravity) factors can explain the behaviour of fossorial ectotherms emerging from underground burrows at the end of winter. Amphibian Behaviour Ectotherm Gravity...

...Samanta Aparecida Castro; Cléo Alcantara Costa Leite; Tobias Wang ABSTRACT It is well established that arterial pH decreases with increased temperature in amphibians and reptiles through an elevation of arterial P CO 2 , but the underlying regulation remains controversial. The alphastat hypothesis...

... independently in numerous lineages of limbed animals (e.g. Cartmill, 1985 ; Goldman et al., 2006 ; Labonte and Federle, 2015 , 2016 ). New York Institute of Technology Arboreality Center of mass Mechanical power Mechanical energy Locomotion Amphibian Single limb forces...

...Niclas U. Lundsgaard; Rebecca L. Cramp; Craig E. Franklin ABSTRACT Determining the contribution of elevated ultraviolet-B radiation (UVBR; 280–315 nm) to amphibian population declines is being hindered by a lack of knowledge about how different acute UVBR exposure regimes during early life-history...

... work is properly attributed. Summary: Tolerance of naturally acidic, dilute and soft water by larvae of the frog Limnodynastes terraereginae involves adaptations to the branchial calcium transport pathway, which protect intercellular junctions against damage. Amphibian Tadpole Low pH...

.... 12 8 2021 20 9 2021 © 2021. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2021 Summary: Bone conduction hearing enables salamanders to extract directional cues from airborne sound pressure in the absence of an impedance-matching tympanic middle ear. Amphibian Hearing...

... frequencies; however, responses from methods depending on phase-locking deviate at high frequencies. ABR Auditory brainstem response Amphibian Hearing Hearing sensitivity Measurement of auditory evoked responses is widely used as a relatively non-invasive method to assess hearing sensitivity...

... atympanic tetrapods. References Anderson , J. S. ( 2008 ). Focal review: the origin(s) of modern amphibians . Evol. Biol.   35 , 231 - 247 . 10.1007/s11692-008-9044-5 Bárány , E. ( 1938 ). A contribution to the physiology of bone conduction . Acta Otolaryngol. Suppl.   26 , 1...

...Matthew J. Robak; Laura K. Reinert; Louise A. Rollins-Smith; Corinne L. Richards-Zawacki ABSTRACT Amphibians worldwide continue to battle an emerging infectious disease, chytridiomycosis, caused by Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis ( Bd ). Southern leopard frogs, Rana sphenocephala , are known...

... to determine efficient routes to any destination. Many birds and mammals are known to employ a cognitive map, but whether other vertebrates can create a cognitive map is less clear. Amphibians are capable of using beacons, gradients and landmarks when navigating, and many are proficient at homing. Yet only one...

...Nicholas C. Wu; Rebecca L. Cramp; Michel E. B. Ohmer; Craig E. Franklin ABSTRACT Chytridiomycosis, a lethal fungal skin disease of amphibians, fatally disrupts ionic and osmotic homeostasis. Infected amphibians increase their skin shedding rate (sloughing) to slow pathogen growth, but the sloughing...

...Ze-Peng Liu; Wen-Bin Gu; Dan-Dan Tu; Qi-Hui Zhu; Yi-Lian Zhou; Cong Wang; Lan-Zhi Wang; Miao-An Shu ABSTRACT Ambient temperature-associated stress can affect normal physiological functions in ectotherms. To assess the effects of cold or heat stress on amphibians, giant spiny frogs ( Quasipaa...

... not. Corticosterone Performance Amphibian Ectotherm Plethodontid Climate Water-borne hormones Ectothermic organisms may be disproportionately vulnerable to temperature extremes, which are expected to become more common under anthropogenic climate change. The ability of ectotherms to perform...

...Kenzie E. Pereira; Brian I. Crother; David M. Sever; Clifford L. Fontenot, Jr; John A. Pojman, Sr; Damien B. Wilburn; Sarah K. Woodley ABSTRACT Amphibian skin is unique among vertebrate classes, containing a large number of multicellular exocrine glands that vary among species and have diverse...

...Hugh S. Winwood-Smith; Craig R. White ABSTRACT Metabolic rate is commonly estimated from rates of gas exchange. An underappreciated factor that can influence estimates is patterns of pulmonary respiration. Amphibians display discontinuous respiratory patterns, often including long apnoeas...

... salamanders achieve a strong bite with a unique ligamentous mechanism that amplifies muscle force. Amphibian Biomechanics Feeding Desmognathine salamanders of the Plethodontidae possess a unique suite of morphological features that has long been used to establish the common ancestry...

... these costs of larval development and metamorphosis. We used an experimental approach to manipulate physiological stress in larval amphibians, along with respirometry and 13 C-breath testing to quantify the energetic and nutritional costs of development and metamorphosis. Central to larval developmental...

...Nicholas C. Wu; Rebecca L. Cramp; Craig E. Franklin ABSTRACT Amphibian skin is a multifunctional organ providing protection from the external environment and facilitating the physiological exchange of gases, water and salts with the environment. In order to maintain these functions, the outer layer...

... like development, reproduction, migration, etc. ( Breuner et al., 1999 ; Dallman et al., 1993 ; Kalsbeek et al., 2012 ; Landys et al., 2006 ; Thurmond et al., 1986 ). A review of GC concentrations in free-living vertebrates found that many species of amphibians, reptiles and birds seasonally...

... (semimembranosus and plantaris) vary widely across taxa and show correlations to locomotor performance, particularly jumping performance. Amphibian Contractile Kinetics Muscular Evolution Frog Animals have evolved a wide array of locomotor modes (e.g. walking, swimming, flying, slithering...