... of their sole, such as living crocodylians, intermetatarsal mobility offers the potential for a continuum of reconfiguration within the foot itself. Alligator hindlimbs are capable of postural extremes from a belly sprawl to a high walk to sharp turns – how does the foot morphology dynamically accommodate...

.... and Wang , T. ( 2000 ). Effects of postprandial on arterial blood gases in the American alligator Alligator mississippiensis . J. Exp. Biol.   203 , 3117 - 3124 . Eme , J. and Crossley , D. A. ( 2015 ). Chronic hypercapnic incubation increases relative organ growth and reduces blood...

... on the face and body of crocodilians and documented related behaviors for an alligatorid ( Alligator mississippiensis ) and a crocodylid ( Crocodylus niloticus ). Each of the ISOs (roughly 4000 in A. mississippiensis and 9000 in C. niloticus ) was innervated by networks of afferents supplying multiple...

... during diving in aquatic species. We eliminated R–L shunt in American alligators( Alligator mississippiensis ) by surgically occluding the left aorta(LAo; arising from right ventricle) upstream and downstream of the foramen of Panizza (FoP), and we tested the hypotheses that this removal of R–L shunt...

... to ventilation. HPV is an ancient and highly conserved response expressed in the respiratory organs of all vertebrates. However, the underlying mechanism and the role of the endothelium remain elusive. Isolated intrapulmonary arteries (internal diameter <346 μm) from the American alligator Alligator...

...T. J. Uriona; C. G. Farmer SUMMARY We used electromyography on juvenile American alligators to test the hypothesis that the following muscles, which are known to play a role in respiration, are recruited for aquatic locomotion: M. diaphragmaticus, M. ischiopubis, M. rectus abdominis, M...

...Frank E. Fish; Sandra A. Bostic; Anthony J. Nicastro; John T. Beneski SUMMARY Crocodilians, including the alligator ( Alligator mississippiensis ), perform a spinning maneuver to subdue and dismember prey. The spinning maneuver, which is referred to as the `death roll',involves rapid rotation about...

...T. J. Uriona; C. G. Farmer SUMMARY The importance of the diaphragmaticus muscle to vital capacity was investigated in juvenile American alligators by transection of this muscle. In both fasting and post-prandial animals a pneumotach was used to study vital capacity that was stimulated by either...

...T. J. Uriona; C. G. Farmer; J. Dazely; F. Clayton; J. Moore SUMMARY Esophageal structure and function were studied in juvenile American alligators ( Alligator mississippiensis ). The anatomy of alligators differs from humans in several important aspects: the crocodilian esophagus is more muscular...

...Stephen M. Reilly; Jeffrey S. Willey; Audrone R. Biknevicius; Richard W. Blob SUMMARY Alligator hindlimbs show high torsional loads during terrestrial locomotion, in sharp contrast to the bending or axial compressive loads that predominate in animals that use parasagittal limb movements...

... to test how the activity patterns of hindlimb muscles in American alligators ( Alligator mississippiensis Daudin)differ between sprawling and more upright postures. Previous force platform analyses suggested that upright posture in alligators would require greater activation by hindlimb extensors...

...Douglas A. Syme; Kurt Gamperl; David R. Jones SUMMARY Alligators and other crocodilians have a cog-wheel valve located within the subpulmonary conus, and active closure of this valve during each heart beat can markedly and phasically increase resistance in the pulmonary outflow tract...

...). In chronically cannulated and undisturbed amphibians and reptiles, the pH changes in arterial blood are, nevertheless, reduced by a concomitant respiratory acidosis (increased caused by a relative hypoventilation). Alligators ( Alligator mississippiensis ) have been reported to exhibit exceptionally large...

... ventilation, abdominal pressure and the electrical activity of several abdominal and pelvic muscles in the American alligator ( Alligator mississippiensis ). We found that the activity of two pelvic muscles, the ischiopubis and ischiotruncus muscles, was correlated with inspiration; these muscles rotate...

... walking in American alligators ( Alligator mississippiensis ). During exercise, ventilation consisted of low-frequency, large-volume breaths. The alligators hyperventilated severely during walking with respect to their metabolic demands. Air convection requirements were among the highest and estimates...

... quantifies the sprawl and high walk kinematics of the alligator Alligator mississippiensis moving at different speeds on a treadmill and compares them with kinematic data available for other vertebrates. These data allow us to examine the effects of speed on crocodilian postures and to examine how...

...David R. Jones; Graham Shelton ABSTRACT Blood pressures have been recorded in the heart along with pressures and flow in the aortic arches of anaesthetized and awake alligators. Systemic blood pressures were significantly lower [5.22±0.57kPa ( N =3) versus 9.85±0.46kPa ( N =5)] and cardiac outputs...

...G. Shelton; D. R. Jones ABSTRACT Pressure recordings from the heart and major arteries of the alligator show that a conventional relationship exists between the left ventricle and the right aorta. Pressure gradients from ventricle to aorta during systole are very small. Right aortic blood flow...