..., quasi-steady flow is assumed and the flow analysis is based on velocity and/or vorticity fields measured at a single time instant during the stroke cycle. The assumption of quasi-steady flow leads to neglect of unsteady (time-dependent) wake vortex added-mass effects,which can contribute significantly...

... to represent a model analogous to transitional adaptive states during the evolution of powered avian flight. To begin to reveal the aerodynamics of flap-running, we used digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV) and measured air velocity, vorticity, circulation and added mass in the wake of chukar partridge...

... 18 5 2001 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2001 2001 flapping flight quasi-steady force unsteady aerodynamics fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster added mass delayed stall rotational circulation wake capture. To perform aerial maneuvers, insects must not only generate...