... compliance. The presence of the PPS significantly increased dynamic compliance. Submersion did not significantly alter work per ventilation, but caused minute work of breathing to be much greater at any frequency and ventilation level analyzed. Lungs with or without their PPS did not show significantly...

... and adults, respectively). Whole-system dynamic mechanics decreased with increasing ventilation frequency ( f R ), but was unaffected by changes in tidal volume ( V T ). The vast majority of the work of breathing was required to overcome elastic forces; however, work to overcome resistive forces increased...

... ). Tomographic anatomy of the golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) . J. Zoo Wildl. Med.   23 , 39 - 46 . Otis , A. B. ( 1954 ). The work of breathing . Physiol. Rev.   34 , 449 - 458 . Otis , A. B. , Fenn , W. O. and Hermann , R. ( 1950 ). Mechanics of breathing in man . J. Appl...

... hypothesized to be higher than in mammals of a similar size because of the rocking motion of the avian sternum being encumbered by the pectoral flight muscles. To measure the cost and work of breathing, and to investigate whether species resident at high altitude exhibit morphological or mechanical changes...

...–respiratory coupling. * e-mail: [email protected] . 9 12 1996 © The Company of Biologists Limited 1997 Branta canadensis Canada goose simulated flight ventilation work of breathing entrainment locomotor–respiratory coupling During galloping, quadrupeds from...

...Claudio L. Lafortuna; Franco Saibene ABSTRACT The respiratory mechanics together with the rate of work of breathing were studied in five healthy adult Standardbred horses at rest and during different levels of exercise on a treadmill (0.8–2.3 ms −1 , 7% slope). In three of the horses the stride...

... characteristics of the chest and lungs and the work of breathing in different mammalian species . J. Physiol., Lond . 158 , 1 – 14 . 10.1113/jphysiol.1961.sp006750 Gans , C. & Clark , B. ( 1976 ). Studies on ventilation of Caimen crocodilus (Crocodilia: Reptilia) . Respir. Physiol...