... Wingbeat kinematics Body rotations Wingbeat asymmetry Harvard University Animals commonly move through cluttered natural environments, whilst having to avoid obstacles and coping with variable conditions when foraging, interacting with conspecifics or avoiding predators. For flying...

... flight kinematics among closely related butterfly species living in different strata reveals contrasted climbing flight ability, probably resulting from divergent flight behaviour and morphology. Animal locomotion Evasive manoeuvres Ecological specialisation Insect flight Wingbeat kinematics...

... turns involve both translations and rotations, and are more subject to inter-individual differences that are not explained by morphology. This three-part framework suggests that different wingbeat kinematics can be used to maximize specific aspects of maneuverability. Thus, a broad explanatory framework...

...: To compensate for the detrimental aerodynamic effect of wing molt on flight, upward escaping pied flycatchers reduce the molt gap size and increase the angle of attack of the wing. European pied flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca Avian flight Wingbeat kinematics Avian plumage not only functions...

... strategy that is both fast and extremely stealthy; they can use this strategy to successfully escape from a host after blood-feeding. Biomechanics Aerodynamics Insect Flight behavior Take-off maneuvers Wingbeat kinematics To reproduce, a gravid female malaria mosquito needs a blood meal...

... are remarkably stereotypic. Insect Biomechanics Flapping wing Aerodynamics Maneuvering flight Flight control Wingbeat kinematics Next, we constructed a set of systematically distorted stroke patterns ranging from steady flight conditions to kinematics that generate peak torque about the µ 1...

..., University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK ([email protected]) 11 4 2012 29 6 2012 © 2012. 2012 electromyography Manduca sexta wingbeat kinematics stability Flight performance is crucial to the fitness of many flying organisms. During flight, animals often suffer wing...

...M. Rosén; G. R. Spedding; A. Hedenström SUMMARY The wingbeat kinematics of a thrush nightingale Luscinia luscinia were measured for steady flight in a wind tunnel over a range of flight speeds(5–10 m s –1), and the results are interpreted and discussed in the context of a detailed, previously...

... that the cost of flight may not be perceived by a bird as a continuous smooth function of air speed, is advanced but has not yet formally been tested. This hypothesis is considered together with evidence from variation in flight behaviour, wingbeat kinematics and flight gait with speed. Possible constraints...