...Catalina Reyes; Angelina Y. Fong; Cleo A. C. Leite; Augusto S. Abe; William K. Milsom ABSTRACT Peripheral arterial chemoreceptors monitor the levels of arterial blood gases and adjust ventilation and perfusion to meet metabolic demands. These chemoreceptors are present in all vertebrates studied...

...: habituation of the initial dive response . Acta Physiol. Scand. 123 , 67 - 72 . 10.1111/j.1748-1716.1985.tb07562.x García-Párraga , D. , Moore , M. and Fahlman , A. ( 2018 ). Pulmonary ventilation– perfusion mismatch: a novel hypothesis for how diving vertebrates may avoid...

... an important role in insect life-history evolution. Tracheal system Insect Flight Ventilation Evolution National Science Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001 IOS 1953419 PHY 2014181 IOS 1558052 Argonne National Laboratory http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100006224...

... this period, including our understanding of the dominance of O 2 as the driver of ventilation in fish. However, a critical issue – the identity of the peripheral O 2 chemoreceptors – remained unanswered until methods for cell isolation, culture and patch-clamp recording established that gill neuroepithelial...

... by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2022 Summary: Hagfish ingest large meals (20% of body mass) by engulfment, swallowing rapidly through the velar chamber into the intestine, followed by elevated oxygen consumption and utilization, and complex changes in ventilation. DICE micro-CT Engulfment Gill...

... of this clade, relative to other elongate vertebrates. However, these behaviors may have simultaneously hindered lung ventilation such that early snakes may have had to circumvent these mechanical constraints before those behaviors could evolve. Here, we demonstrate that Boa constrictor can modulate which...

...Michael T. Burton; Joseph M. Santin ABSTRACT Chemoreceptors that detect O 2 and CO 2 /pH regulate ventilation. However, recent work shows that lactate ions activate arterial chemoreceptors independent of pH to stimulate breathing. Although lactate rises in the central nervous system (CNS) during...

...Milica Mandic; Yihang K. Pan; Kathleen M. Gilmour; Steve F. Perry ABSTRACT Fish increase ventilation during hypoxia, a reflex termed the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR). The HVR is an effective mechanism to increase O 2 uptake, but at a high metabolic cost. Therefore, when hypoxia becomes severe...

... salinities, ventilation increased and heart rate fell in the classic manner, while Ṁ O 2 initially declined by ∼50%, with partial restoration by 3 h of hypoxia, and no O 2 debt repayment during recovery. Gill paracellular permeability (measured with [ 14 C] PEG-4000) was 1.4-fold higher in seawater...

... injection. HEA exposure (10 mmol l −1 NH 4 HCO 3 or 10 mmol l −1 NH 4 Cl) caused a persistent hyperventilation by 3 h, but further detailed analysis of the NH 4 HCO 3 response showed that initially (within 5 min) there was a marked decrease in ventilation (80% reduction in ventilatory index and nostril flow...

...Stav Talal; Amir Ayali; Eran Gefen ABSTRACT Large insects actively ventilate their tracheal system even at rest, using abdominal pumping movements, which are controlled by a central pattern generator (CPG) in the thoracic ganglia. We studied the effects of respiratory gases on the ventilatory...

...Sabine L. Lague; Beverly Chua; Luis Alza; Graham R. Scott; Peter B. Frappell; Yang Zhong; Anthony P. Farrell; Kevin G. McCracken; Yuxiang Wang; William K. Milsom ABSTRACT Many high-altitude vertebrates have evolved increased capacities in their oxygen transport cascade (ventilation, pulmonary...

... to drive ventilation inside them in very different environments, functioning as an external lung, with clear implications for human engineering. Using a passive probe, in which the thermistors simply track temperature, we have observed thermal fluctuations on the order of ∼0.2°C (see Appendix 4 ). While...

... temperature in contrast to the typical α-stat regulating strategy of most other ectotherms. Given the importance of pH in the control of ventilation, we examined the CO 2 /H + sensitivity of neurons from the locus coeruleus (LC) region of monitor lizard brainstems. Whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology...

... at altitude exhibit a reduced metabolism and modestly increased ventilatory response, and also initiated cardiac responses earlier than geese reared at low altitude. Anser indicus Branta leucopsis Barnacle goose Ventilation Cardiac output Metabolic rate Oxygen uptake Stroke volume...

...Sam Van Wassenbergh; Iris Joris; Mathieu Desclée; Hon Jung Liew; Gudrun De Boeck; Dominique Adriaens; Peter Aerts ABSTRACT Many species from several different families of fishes perform mouthbrooding, where one of the sexes protects and ventilates the eggs inside the mouth cavity. This ventilation...

... depresses metabolic rate in blotched blue tongue lizards and limits exercise ability. Despite the developing fetuses compressing the lungs, gas diffusion ability was not altered. Ventilation Breathing pattern Oxygen consumption Gestation Lizard Reptile Pulmonary gas exchange Lung diffusion...

... locust. III. Ventilation and the spiracles during flight . J. Exp. Biol.   37 , 264 - 278 . Miller   P. L. ( 1962 ). Spiracle control in adult dragonflies (Odonata) . J. Exp. Biol.   39 , 513 - 535 . Miller   P. L. ( 1966 ). The supply of oxygen to the active flight muscles...

... of Schistocerca gregaria were significantly delayed compared with normoxic conditions. Exposure to hyperoxic conditions (40% O 2 , 60% N 2 ) resulted in a similar delay in forced ventilation. Together, these results indicate that limits to oxygen diffusion to the tissues during spiracle closure trigger...

... . Magn. Reson. Med.   55 , 472 - 477 . Bock   C. , Frederich   M. , Wittig   R.-M. , Pörtner   H.-O. ( 2001 ). Simultaneous observations of haemolymph flow and ventilation in marine spider crabs at different temperatures: a flow weighted MRI study . Magn. Reson. Imaging   19 , 1113...