... gills, may be exceptionally important in ionoregulation and nitrogen (N) waste excretion, with support of kidney function by direct O 2 supply from the airspace. We tested these ideas by continuous urine collection and gill flux measurements in ∼700 g fish. ATPase activities were many-fold greater...

... tolerant of air exposure, and experiences severe hypoxia both in its natural habitat and in aquaculture. To study the ability of M. albus to compensate for respiratory acidosis, we implanted catheters to sample both arterial blood and urine during hypercapnia (4% CO 2) in either water or air, or during...

...) empty compartment (control). By injecting females with a blue dye to visualize urine pulses, we found that gravid females show context-dependent urination, exhibiting higher urination rates in the presence of dominant males (reproductive context) and mouth brooding females (aggressive contexts). Further...

... in aquaculture is the poor reproductive performance of hatchery-bred males. Is chemical communication involved in the reproduction of this species? Urine, intestinal fluid and mucus samples were taken from adult fish (wild-caught and hatchery-bred) over the spawning season (March–May), and assessed for olfactory...

...Michiya Kamio; Manfred Schmidt; Markus W. Germann; Julia Kubanek; Charles D. Derby Female blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus) in their pubertal moult stage release unidentified sex pheromone molecules in their urine, causing males to respond with courtship behaviours including a display called...

... cichlid fish (Astatotilapia burtoni) use urine signals during social interactions, and demonstrate that this signaling depends on social context (reproductive; territorial) and on available sensory information (visual cues; full interaction). We injected males with dye to visualize urine pulses...

... concentration osmolality urine water balance. Most studies of avian osmoregulation have focussed on basic patterns of homeostasis, or osmotically challenging (`stressful') situations induced by dehydration, or electrolyte overload or depletion. The focus has also been on domestic birds or on xeric...

...) in which we employed a new method:visualisation of urine using the dye Fluorescein. The probability of urine release is greater during fights than during non-social activities or inactivity. The eventual winners are more likely to release urine during fights than the eventual losers. In both winners...

... and urine concentrating ability, (ii) sources of water, (iii) the effects of feeding, fasting and diving, (iv) the renal responses to infusions of varying salinity and (v) hormonal regulation. The kidneys of pinnipeds and cetaceans are reniculate in structure, unlike those of terrestrial mammals (except...

...P. Tytler; J. Ireland ABSTRACT Major changes in the morphology of the urinary bladder were observed during the transition from yolk-sac to feeding larval stages of herring, in particular bladder volume increased almost sixfold. Initially, the urine flowed into the hindgut, but within days...

...Andrew Moore; Colin P. Waring ABSTRACT Previous work has demonstrated that the urine from mature female salmonids contains a priming pheromone that significantly enhances the reproductive physiology of receiving males. The chemical identity of the pheromone(s) has not yet been identified...

...: confinement in small individual containers with automated hourly sampling of water to follow temporal excretion patterns; divided chambers to separate excretion from the anterior and posterior parts of the fish; collection of urine and rectal fluid via chronic indwelling catheters; and gavage with [ 14 C...

... day observation period. There was no overall change in urine flow rates except for a brief 50% reduction 2 days after stanniectomy. Plasma magnesium concentrations drifted downward after stanniectomy. In contrast, plasma calcium concentrations increased significantly within 2 days following...

...S. Morris; H. H. Taylor; P. Greenaway ABSTRACT The branchial chambers of the terrestrial anomuran Birgus latro L. were examined as potential sites for urine reprocessing. The antennal glands opened at the bases of the second antennae within the anterior extension of the branchial chambers...

...Peter Greenaway; H. H. Taylor; S. Morris ABSTRACT Primary urine is formed by filtration in the antennal organ of Birgus latro L. Urine isosmotic with the haemolymph is released into the anterior branchial chambers where substantial reabsorption of water and ions may occur. Some of the branchial...

...M. G. Vermette; S. F. Perry ABSTRACT Rainbow trout were infused continuously for 24 h with epinephrine in order to evaluate the effects of elevated circulating levels of epinephrine on selected renal variables. Pronounced effects of epinephrine included elevation of urine flow rate and concomitant...

... 1985 © 1985 by Company of Biologists 1985 Magnesium sulphate urine renal excretion/secretion rainbow trout Whilst a number of studies have been carried out on the control of plasma sodium and chloride concentrations in teleosts, relatively little attention has been paid...

... Wales, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2UW. 20 4 1984 © 1985 by Company of Biologists 1985 Permeability salinity urine It has been proposed that G. duebeni reduces osmotic stress by changing its permeability to water as the osmotic gradient between the haemolymph...