.... We compared Argentine ant ( Linepithema humile ) workers in light versus darkness while traversing flat and uneven terrain. In darkness, ants reduced flat-ground walking speeds by only 5%. Similarly, the approach speed and time to cross a step obstacle were not significantly affected by lack...

... unpredictability at the distal level. Here, we explored the effects of an uneven terrain surface on whole-body locomotor dynamics immediately following exposure and after a familiarization period. Eleven young, unimpaired adults walked for 12 min on flat and uneven terrain treadmills. The whole-body center of mass...

... terrain in a manner consistent with optimization for quasi-static longitudinal stability. Quasi-static stability Gait Uneven terrain Phase Dynamical systems Dog The variability of animal movement can give insight into the ultimate costs and constraints that shape locomotion...

...Alexandra S. Voloshina; Arthur D. Kuo; Monica A. Daley; Daniel P. Ferris SUMMARY Walking on uneven terrain is more energetically costly than walking on smooth ground, but the biomechanical factors that contribute to this increase are unknown. To identify possible factors, we constructed an uneven...

...Aleksandra V. Birn-Jeffery; Monica A. Daley SUMMARY We understand little about how animals adjust locomotor behaviour to negotiate uneven terrain. The mechanical demands and constraints of such behaviours likely differ from uniform terrain locomotion. Here we investigated how common pheasants...