.... Life history Trade-offs Endosymbiont Eusocial insects National Science Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001 Wolbachia , a widespread maternally transmitted endosymbiotic bacteria, is best known for its ability to manipulate a wide range of hosts ( Ramalho et al...

... wing colouration such as melanin. Competing for the same resources often leads to trade-offs in resource allocation. We manipulated protein availability in the larval diet of the wood tiger moth, Arctia plantaginis , to test how early life resource availability influences relevant life history traits...

... contributes to the immune response; however, this participation reduces muscle function and increases mortality from predation. Sharing resources optimizes function, but comes at a cost. Ecoimmunology Predator stress Pathogen Trade-offs Lepidoptera Natural Sciences and Engineering Research...

... differ in their response to warming and acidification: French scallops show more physiological plasticity, adjusting their proteome and metabolism to maintain growth. Bivalve Proteomics Trade-offs Calcification Climate change Physiological plasticity Regional Council of Brittany http...

...Alberto A. Castro; Theodore Garland, Jr; Saad Ahmed; Natalie C. Holt ABSTRACT A trade-off between locomotor speed and endurance occurs in various taxa, and is thought to be underpinned by a muscle-level trade-off. Among four replicate high runner (HR) lines of mice, selectively bred for voluntary...

... of functional trade-offs (i.e. improvement in one trait comes at the expense of another trait) or alternatively may reflect the intrinsic quality of an organism (i.e. some individuals are simply better overall performers than others). There is evidence for both ideas in the literature, suggesting...

...Jerry F. Husak; Simon P. Lailvaux ABSTRACT Phenotypic trade-offs are inevitable in nature, but the mechanisms driving them are poorly understood. Movement and oxygen are essential to all animals, and as such, the common ancestor to all living animals passed on mechanisms to acquire oxygen...

... contributed to low nesting rates of bees exposed to constant low temperatures. Females from that group that were able to nest had fewer, larger offspring with high viability, suggesting a trade-off. Interestingly, offspring of bees exposed to fluctuating low temperatures were more likely to enter diapause...

.... Therefore, TH production may become costly when environmental iodine availability is low. This may yield a trade-off for breeding females between allocating the hormones to self or to their eggs, potentially to the extent that it even influences the number of laid eggs. In this study, we investigated...

... in driving the growth–lifespan trade-off (reviewed in Monaghan and Ozanne, 2018 ). Our results, however, suggest that the effects of growth on telomere length are indirectly mediated by the decline in telomerase activity, and the direct effect of growth on telomere length (if any) was minor. In this regard...

...Sean W. Deery; Julie E. Rej; Daniel Haro; Alex. R. Gunderson ABSTRACT Heat tolerance plasticity is predicted to be an important buffer against global warming. Nonetheless, basal heat tolerance often correlates negatively with tolerance plasticity (‘trade-off hypothesis’), a constraint that could...

... ). Regulatory mechanisms of maternal hormone transfer are essential to minimise physiological trade-offs between optimal hormone exposure in the mother versus that in the offspring ( Groothuis and Schwabl, 2008 ). For example, circulating THs increase with low temperature to stimulate metabolism and hence heat...

...Andrew Z. Wang; Jerry F. Husak ABSTRACT Limited resources must be partitioned among traits that enhance fitness. Although survival-related traits often trade off with reproduction, survival-related traits themselves may trade off with each other under energy limitations. Whole-organism performance...

... trade-off when resource allocation to one trait occurs at the expense of another, also producing potential transgenerational effects in the offspring. We evaluated whether concerted challenges, in the form of an immune inoculum against inactivated Salmonella enteritidis (immune challenge, ICH...

...Marina Giacomin; John O. Onukwufor; Patricia M. Schulte; Chris M. Wood ABSTRACT The osmorespiratory compromise is a physiological trade-off between the characteristics of the gill that promote respiratory gas exchange and those that limit passive flux of ions and water with the environment...

... were studied in detail, individual-level consequences of cohort splitting are still rather overlooked. Life history theory predicts that considerably increased growth and developmental rates should be traded off against other costly life history traits. However, it is not clear whether one should...

...Marina Giacomin; Heather J. Bryant; Adalberto L. Val; Patricia M. Schulte; Chris M. Wood ABSTRACT The characteristics of the fish gill that maximize gas exchange are the same that promote diffusion of ions and water to and from the environment; therefore, physiological trade-offs are likely...

.... , Davies , S. , Davis , J. , Guillette , L. J. Jr , Johnson , N. , McCormick , S. D. , McGraw , K. J. and DeNardo , D. F. ( 2013 ). Thermal sensitivity of immune function: evidence against a generalist-specialist trade-off among endothermic and ectothermic vertebrates . Am...

... tension Trade-offs Inbreeding depression Oxygen availability in aquatic systems is often spatially and temporally variable ( Crispo and Chapman, 2008 ; Diaz and Rosenberg, 2008 ). To match metabolic O 2 demands to low O 2 supply in hypoxic conditions, fishes use a variety of behavioural...

... suited for feeding in aquatic versus terrestrial environments. We hypothesize that differences in hyobranchial morphology result in functional trade-offs in feeding performance. We predict that semi-aquatic and aquatic salamandrids with hyobranchial morphology suited for aquatic feeding will have lower...