... attributed. Summary: An approach through which to integrate activity-specific energetic costs with time–budget data and morphological information to estimate the energy expenditure of any marine bird population. Energy expenditure Field metabolic rate Seabirds Sea ducks Time budget Great...

... exposure of sperm whales to continuous and pulsed sonar reveals that total pulse energy predicts cessation of foraging better than pulse amplitude or duty cycle. Anthropogenic noise Continuous active sonar DTAG Intermittent sound Time budget Time-series model Noise pollution caused...

... on the tail or the same wing as well as delays in shedding corresponding flight feathers on opposite sides. Overlapping individuals also altered their time budgets: they devoted more than twice the time to feeding while halving the time spent for feather care in comparison to molt-only individuals. These data...

... standard laboratory conditions, we suggest that measuring behaviour and physiology when animals have to work for food may better reflect their natural state. * Author for correspondence ( [email protected] ) 6 1 2011 © 2011. 2011 net intake rate energetics time budget Food...

... 04 12 2000 01 02 2001 © 2001 by Company of Biologists 2001 Pygoscelis adeliae Adélie penguin acceleration data logger remote monitoring behaviour time budget allocation foraging strategy During the last decade, the study of the foraging behaviour of marine...

... 91-07470 to Glenn Walsberg. References Aschoff , J. and Pohl , H. ( 1970 ). Rhythmic variations in energy metabolism . Fedn. Proc . 29 , 1541 – 1552 . Austin , G. T. ( 1978 ). Daily time budget of the postnesting verdin . Auk 95 , 247 – 251 . Bakken , G...