... of the fascicle operating length and velocity across running speeds. Fourteen young male adults were included in the present study (body height 179±6 cm, body mass 74±8 kg, age 23±4 years, means±s.d.). The participants had several years’ experience in sprinting-related training (e.g. track and field...

... at 1.59±0.09 m s −1 to sprinting at 8.95±0.70 m s −1 ). We calculated hip, knee and ankle work and average power (i.e. over time), along with the relative contribution from each joint towards the total (sum of hip, knee and ankle) amount of work and average power produced by the lower limb. Irrespective...

... to moderate running speeds up to 5 m s −1 . Little is known about how the human ankle plantar-flexors utilize tendon elastic strain energy as running speed is advanced towards maximum sprinting. We used data obtained from gait experiments in conjunction with musculoskeletal modeling and optimization...

...Sabrina S. M. Lee; Stephen J. Piazza SUMMARY The musculoskeletal structure of the foot and ankle has the potential to influence human sprinting performance in complex ways. A large Achilles'tendon moment arm improves the mechanical advantage of the triceps surae but also produces larger shortening...

... factor. Yet, no studies have directly measured these forces or tested this critical assumption. We measured maximum sprint velocities and ground reaction forces for five male humans sprinting along a straight track and compared them to sprints along circular tracks of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 m radii. Circular...

... barriers. I propose a new model of a distance-maximizing strategy for fishes traversing velocity barriers, derived from the relationships between swim speed and fatigue time in both prolonged and sprint modes. The model predicts that fish will maximize traversed distance by swimming at a constant...

...Claire T. Farley ABSTRACT The goal of the present study was to test the hypothesis that maximum running speed is limited by how much mechanical power the muscular system can produce. To test this hypothesis, two species of lizards, Coleonyx variegatus and Eumeces skiltonianus , sprinted on hills...