... running and hopping. Accounting for these changes improves the ‘cost of generating force’ hypothesis application across step frequencies in bouncing gaits. Locomotion Energetics Biomechanics Spring–mass model McCamish Parkinson's Disease Innovation Program For decades...

..., with that of the level step in 12 participants at a speed of 3.5 m s −1 while maintaining self-selected (17.7±4.2 deg; mean±s.d.), posterior (1.8±7.4 deg) and anterior (26.6±5.6 deg) trunk leans from the vertical. Our findings reveal that the global (i.e. the spring-mass model dynamics and centre-of-mass height...

...-mass model Spring–mass model Running performance Motion sensing Wearable sensors Running ground reaction forces are of fundamental physical and biological importance. Acutely, they determine the body's state of motion, limb-loading rates and tissue stresses. Over time, they influence...

...Patricia de Cocq; Mees Muller; Hilary M. Clayton; Johan L. van Leeuwen SUMMARY The simplest model possible for bouncing systems consists of a point mass bouncing passively on a mass-less spring without viscous losses. This type of spring–mass model has been used to describe the stance period...

... with an unexpected drop, and suggests that adaptations in swing leg retraction form part of the strategy for running across uneven ground. * Author for correspondence ( [email protected] ) 7 3 2012 29 4 2012 © 2012. 2012 biomechanics human locomotion spring-mass model...

... University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA 17 2 2010 © 2010. 2010 biomechanics locomotion accelerometer backpack cockroach Blaberus discoidalis L. motor control virtual leg spring insect compliant substrate elastic surface spring–mass model spring-loaded inverted pendulum...

...Sten Grimmer; Michael Ernst; Michael Günther; Reinhard Blickhan SUMMARY Human running is characterized by comparably simple whole-body dynamics. These dynamics can be modelled with a point mass bouncing on a spring leg. Theoretical studies using such spring–mass models predict that running can...

... of the normal extensor muscle stretch–shorten cycle. * Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 21 12 2004 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2005 2005 running biomechanics spring-mass model gait Running animals traverse an astounding variety of terrain...

... their limbs just prior to ground contact, moving each foot rearward towards the ground. In this study, we employ a conservative spring-mass model to test the effects of swing-leg retraction on running stability. A feed-forward control scheme is applied where the swing-leg is retracted at constant angular...

... or a run. * Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 13 08 1998 08 10 1998 © 1998 The Company of Biologists Limited 1998 locomotion biomechanics spring-mass model inverted pendulum model gait walking running human Humans walk at low...