... for the possibility that pupae obtain oxygen directly across the cuticle, or across an air–water interface at the spiracles. In an anoxic treatment, oxygen was purged by bubbling nitrogen gas into each cup at ∼30 ml min −1 (regulated using a Sable Systems MFC-4, Sable Systems International, Las Vegas, NV, USA...

... to the gas-filled tracheal system through spiracles on the cuticle. Here, we measure P O 2 of the water and within the plastron gas with O 2 -sensing fibre optics to understand the effectiveness and limitations of the gas exchanger. The difference in P O 2 is highest in stagnant water and decreases...

...Erica C. Heinrich; Matthew J. McHenry; Timothy J. Bradley SUMMARY Insects exchange respiratory gases via an extensive network of tracheal vessels that open to the surface of the body through spiracular valves. Although gas exchange is known to increase with the opening of these spiracles...

...Jennifer Hummel; Manfred Kössl; Manuela Nowotny SUMMARY In the auditory system of bushcrickets, sound can reach the receptors via two different paths: (i) by acting on the outside of the tympana situated on both sides of each foreleg or (ii) through the acoustic trachea that opens at a spiracle...

... (or, gut bug guarding). Termites may eschew the DGC because periodic flushing of the tracheal system with air may harm the obligate anaerobes upon which the lower termites depend for survival on their native diet of chewed wood. termite Zootermopsis nevadensis trachea spiracle oxygen symbiont...

... during simultaneous measurements of CO 2 emission from the anterior mesothoracic spiracles and posterior body, which included the subelytral spiracles. However, when we sampled air directly from inside the subelytral cavity, we discovered that this pattern was reversed. A discontinuous gas exchange cycle...

... of respiratory gases is unidirectional from anterior to posterior and (ii) that the coordinated action of the spiracles directs this flow. We tested these assumptions by simultaneously measuring CO 2 and O 2 exchange at the anterior mesothorax,independently of gas exchange in the posterior body, which included...

... and chelicerate species. Another scolopendromorph and a lithobiomorph species exhibit weak periodic patterns, and a scutigermorph species shows continuous gas exchange. A crucial component for DGCs in tracheated arthropods is the presence of occludible spiracles. However, on the basis of studies of temperate...

...Lutz T. Wasserthal SUMMARY Intratracheal pressure during tethered flight was analyzed at the anterior spiracles and mesoscutellar air sacs in the hawkmoth Manduca sexta using electronic pressure sensors. CO 2 emission from the anterior spiracles and the posterior thoracic and abdominal spiracles...