... ( [email protected] ) Competing interests The authors declare no competing or financial interests. © 2020. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2020 Summary: The rich natural history of teleosts combined with variable aquatic habitats has produced numerous spectral tuning mechanisms...

... environmental light. Visual ecology Diurnal/nocturnal feeders Phenotypic variation Adaptation Teleost Spectral tuning Detection of visual cues is often critical for behavioural tasks such as mate choice, escape from predators or foraging ( Detto, 2007 ; Foote et al., 2004 ; Miyagi et al...

... of particular amino acid differences in the caecilian rh1 opsin pigments compared with other amphibian rh1 opsins. Key amino acid sites 83, 122, 207, 211, 265, 292, 295, which are known to be important in the spectral tuning of rh1 pigments ( Davies et al., 2007a ) are invariant across all the amphibian...

... wavelength-reduced conditions and in wild-caught animals, indicating that the expression of cone opsin genes is also regulated by environmental light. photoreceptor cone spectral tuning fish microspectrophotometry environmental light The neural process of vision begins with the absorption...

... the visual pigment within the outer segment. Pigmented oil droplets are beneficial for colour discrimination in bright light, but at lower light levels the reduction in sensitivity caused by the pigmentation increasingly outweighs the benefits generated by spectral tuning. Consequently, it is expected...

...Adriana D. Briscoe; Gary D. Bernard SUMMARY Spectral tuning of rhodopsins commonly refers to the effects of opsin amino acid substitutions on the wavelength for peak sensitivity of the rhodopsin absorption spectrum. Nymphalini butterflies provide an opportunity for identifying some of the amino...

.... In support of this, a Glu122Ile substitution generated in chicken rod opsin was without effect on spectral tuning ( Imai et al., 1997 ), so it is probable that the similar Glu122Val substitution is also without effect. The effect of the Met207Ile substitution remains uncertain. Finally, the rod opsins...

... site to the counterion in vertebrate opsins is occupied by an aromatic amino acid. An intron is present that splits codon 107, in contrast to the intronless rhodopsin gene in two species of myopsid squid. A spectral tuning model involving substitutions at only three amino acid sites is proposed...