... function to be maintained and optimised, a phenomenon known as ‘cardiac plasticity’. Heart Cardiovascular Sarcomere Mitochondria Calcium Hypertrophy References Alderman , S. L. , Klaiman , J. M. , Deck , C. A. and Gillis , T. E . ( 2012 ). Effect of cold acclimation...

.... and Hirst , D. ( 1978 ). Cross-bridge detachment and sarcomere ‘give’ during stretch of active frog's muscle . J. Physiol. 276 , 449 - 465 . 10.1113/jphysiol.1978.sp012246 Ford , L. E. , Huxley , A. F. and Simmons , R. M. ( 1977 ). Tension responses to sudden length change...

.... , Irving , M. and Lombardi , V. ( 2000 ). Interference fine structure and sarcomere length dependence of the axial x-ray pattern from active single muscle fibers . Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA   97 , 7226 - 7231 . 10.1073/pnas.97.13.7226 Ma , W. , Gong , H. , Kiss , B. , Lee...

... at the same muscle length and level of activation, are referred to as residual force enhancement (rFE) and residual force depression (rFD), respectively. The purpose of these experiments was to investigate the trainability of rFE and rFD on the basis of serial sarcomere number (SSN) alterations to history...

... contraction in which fibres were activated and then shortened from an average sarcomere length of 3.3 μm to 3.0 μm. The second test was a SSC in which fibres were activated and stretched from 3.0 μm to 3.3 μm, and then shortened to 3.0 μm. The third test was a SSC in which fibres were activated and stretched...

...Michael M. DuVall; Azim Jinha; Gudrun Schappacher-Tilp; Timothy R. Leonard; Walter Herzog ABSTRACT Since the 1950s, muscle contraction has been explained using a two-filament system in which actin and myosin exclusively dictate active force in muscle sarcomeres. Decades later, a third filament...

...: The giant protein nebulin is a multifunctional protein that impacts skeletal muscle function in diverse ways. Actin filament Sarcomere Skeletal muscle Actin is the prominent protein in most eukaryotic cells. Control of actin filament organization and architecture is crucial for numerous...

... as the sarcomeric cytoskeleton, is essential for the ordered assembly of actin and myosin filaments into sarcomeres, by combining architectural, mechanical and signalling functions. This review discusses recent cell biological, biophysical and structural insight into the regulated assembly of sarcomeric...

...Walter Herzog Muscle contraction and force regulation in skeletal muscle have been thought to occur exclusively through the relative sliding of and the interaction between the contractile filaments actin and myosin. While this two-filament sarcomere model has worked well in explaining...

...Annabelle Mery; Ouarda Taghli-Lamallem; Kathleen A. Clark; Mary C. Beckerle; Xiushan Wu; Karen Ocorr; Rolf Bodmer SUMMARY Muscle LIM protein (MLP) is a cytoskeletal protein located at the Z-disc of sarcomeres. Mutations in the human MLP gene are associated with hypertrophic and dilated...

...Thomas J. Burkholder; Richard L. Lieber ABSTRACT The force generated by skeletal muscle varies with sarcomere length and velocity. An understanding of the sarcomere length changes that occur during movement provides insights into the physiological importance of this relationship and may provide...

... to answer these questions by studying the formation and maintenance of electrocytes in the genus Sternopygus , a weakly electric teleost. Electrocytes arise from the fusion of fully differentiated muscle fibers, mainly those expressing fast isoforms of myosin. Electrocytes briefly co-express sarcomeric...

..., together with unfolding of the intrinsic musculature of the tongue, results in a doubling in tongue length. Electron micrographs of sarcomeres from resting and elongated tongues show that no special adaptations of the sarcomeres are necessary to accommodate the observed doubling in tongue length during...

... in other species. Sarcomere strains of axial muscle fibres were calculated at 0.4 and 0.8 FL . During C-starts, white muscle fibres were exposed to maximum sarcomere strains of up to approximately 16 %, and posterior fibres had similar strains to anterior fibres (red 27 %; white 16 %). During S-starts...

.... A. P. ( 1972 ). Changes in sarcomere length during isometric tension development in frog skeletal muscle . J. Physiol., Lond . 227 , 1 – 17 . 10.1113/jphysiol.1972.sp010016 Gordon , A. M. , Huxley , A. F. and Julian , F. J. ( 1966 ). The variation in isometric tension...