.... Power Power loading Flapping wing Hovering flight Rhinoceros beetle Biomimetics Most man-made fliers generate lift by taking advantage of conventional rotary or fixed wings with a low angle of attack (AoA, i.e. the geometric AoA throughout this study) for optimal aerodynamic efficiency...

...Rodger Kram ABSTRACT These experiments determined the magnitude of loads that rhinoceros beetles (Scarabaeidae) can carry and also the metabolic energy required for carrying loads. I hypothesized that, like many other animals, these beetles would have metabolic rates in direct proportion...