... Carbon dioxide Disease vector NHE Rhesus glycoproteins Sodium chloride Like many aquatic invertebrate and vertebrate animals, the larvae of most mosquito species inhabit freshwater systems which can vary remarkably in water chemistry, including in ionic composition and pH ( Patrick et al...

... by the gills, but not the yolk sac skin, of early­ life stage rainbow trout, possibly resulting from the lack of the key transporter NHE2 in the yolk sac epithelium. Larval fish PNA + ionocyte Na + /H + -exchanger NHE Rhesus glycoproteins Ion regulation The relationship between sodium...

... glycoproteins. Ammonia secretion is largely independent of sodium counter-transport. Renal excretion Renal tubule Urine pH Urine flow rate Glomerular filtration rate Amino acid catabolism Rhesus glycoproteins Na + transport Acid­–base regulation Under normal physiological conditions...

...-treatment with apical freshwater low in [Na + ] caused increases in both Rhcg2 mRNA expression and ammonia efflux without change in paracellular permeability. These data suggest that Rhesus glycoproteins are important for ammonia transport in the freshwater trout gill, and may help to explain in vivo data...

...., 2002 ; Perry,1986 ; Perry and Gilmour,2006 ). * Author for correspondence (e-mail: nawatacm@mcmaster.ca ) 18 8 2008 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2008 2008 hypercapnia Rhesus glycoproteins Oncorhynchus mykiss gills skin cortisol Hepes ammonia transport...