.... However, original texts and the list of studied species (>350) are now available online. Recently, we minimized the system to three components: the proximal tibial ledge, the tendon and the arculum. The elastic tendon contains resilin. In four model species, the arculum readily turned upon stretching...

.... ( 1964 ). Resilin, a rubber-like protein in arthropod cuticle . Adv. Insect Physiol.   2 , 1 - 65 . 10.1016/S0065-2806(08)60071-5 Autumn , K. , Dittmore , A. , Santos , D. , Spenko , M. and Cutkosky , M. ( 2006 ). Frictional adhesion: a new angle on gecko attachment . J...

..., the resonance frequencies of the wings could be related to the wingbeat frequency at which they are driven. Here, we investigated the resonance spectrum of honeybee ( Apis mellifera ) wings to understand its potential effect on flight. Mode shape Normal mode Resilin Summary: Normal modes...

... of up to 534 times female body mass to smooth surfaces. Adhesion Human skin Resilin Roughness Safety factor Traction force Attachment of ticks has been frequently related to the fixation of their mouthparts to the host skin ( Lees, 1948 ; Wallade and Rice, 1982 ; Sauer et al., 1995...

...Emily A. Mistick; Andrew M. Mountcastle; Stacey A. Combes ABSTRACT Insect wings do not contain intrinsic musculature to change shape, but rather bend and twist passively during flight. Some insect wings feature flexible joints along their veins that contain patches of resilin, a rubber-like protein...

... muscles. The rubber-like protein resilin was detected in the extensor ligament, i.e. a short, elastic element connecting the extensor tendon with the tibial base. The calculated specific joint power (max. 0.714 W g −1 ) of the femoro-tibial joint during the jumping movement and the fast full extension...

...Yun Ma; Jian Guo Ning; Hui Lan Ren; Peng Fei Zhang; Hong Yan Zhao ABSTRACT The present work aimed to reveal morphological characteristics of worker honeybee ( Apis mellifera ) wings and demonstrate the function of resilin on camber changes during flapping flight. Detailed morphological...

... of the maxilla is effected by the contraction of the M17, although we assume that the involved increase of the angle d is facilitated by non-muscular preflex movements caused by the protein resilin embedded into the articulation membrane (see next section). Moreover, the widening of the angle d might...

... and resilin at their ventral midline articulations with the body. The fan sprang back passively to its splayed position after being forcibly folded. Reducing the area of the fan by 80% decreased angular rotation and impaired stability so that 33% of movements ended with the body upside down. A 6 mm long pupa...

... resilin. The energy generated by the prolonged contractions of the trochanteral depressor muscles was stored in distortions of these structures, and the rapid elastic recoil of these muscles powered the synchronous propulsive movements of the hind legs. * Author for correspondence ( mb135...

... and yellowjacket wasps, closely related species with similar life histories but distinct wing morphologies. Wasps have a flexible resilin joint (the costal break) positioned distally along the leading edge of the wing, which allows the wing tip to crumple reversibly when it hits an obstacle, whereas bumblebees...

... no competing financial interests. 3 7 2013 3 10 2013 © 2014. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2014 Kinematics Biomechanics Resilin Auchenorrhyncha Many species of insects include jumping in their locomotory repertoire to enable fast movement or rapid escape from...

... of extrinsic muscles, and this contradicts the hypothesis proposed earlier for D. paradoxum ( Owen, 1963a ; Bovet, 1967 ). The closing of the clamps is most likely due to the passive action of the resilin-like material of the clamp sclerites ( Wong et al., 2013 ). Subsequently, the expenditure of energy...

... processes in the distal part of each femur and store half the energy needed for a kick. We now show that these energy storage devices are composites of hard cuticle and the rubber-like protein resilin. The inside surface of a semi-lunar process consists of a layer of resilin, particularly thick along...

... of 740 W kg –1 , suggests that a catapult mechanism is used. The elastic protein resilin was revealed in four pads at the articulation of the wing hinge with the dorsal head of the pleural ridge of each middle leg and hindleg. By contrast, fleas, which use just their hindlegs for jumping, have only two...

... areas of these bow-shaped structures fluoresce bright blue in ultraviolet light, and the intensity of this fluorescence depends on the pH of the bathing saline. These are key signatures of the rubber-like protein resilin. The remainder of a pleural arch consists of stiff cuticle. Bending these composite...

...-mail: [email protected] ) 19 10 2006 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2006 2006 Orthoptera Tettigoniidae ultrasound bioacoustics elastic stridulation resilin katydid Arthropods produce sound by a diversity of mechanisms including: airstream modulation ( Dumortier, 1963...

...H. A. Edwards ABSTRACT Resilin is a naturally occurring rubber. It is extremely efficient, returning almost all the energy stored during its deformation. Resilin was first described by Weis-Fogh (1960) , who with Andersen ( Andersen & Weis-Fogh, 1964 ) produced an extensive review covering...