... Highlighted Article: Despite their status as terrestrial insects, pupae of Manduca sexta survived 5 days underwater and showed diverse and unusual patterns of CO 2 emission during recovery. Immersion Anoxia Reperfusion Oxygen Lactate Carbon dioxide Cyclic ventilation Discontinuous gas cycles...

... that (1) reperfusion patterns consisting of long anoxia, short normoxia and high cycle frequency increase disruption of brain [K + ] o baseline maintenance, and (2) hypothermia has a protective effect on brain K + homeostasis during repetitive anoxia. Male flies are suggested as a useful model...

... obligatory oxygen-dependent tissues, exposing seals to critical levels of ischemia and hypoxemia. The subsequent reperfusion/reoxygenation has the potential to increase oxidant production and thus oxidative stress. The contributions of extended apnea to oxidative stress in adapted mammals are not well...

... ischemia reperfusion maturation seal While diving, seals experience bradycardia and peripheral vasoconstriction to maximize the use of their oxygen stores and are consequently exposed to prolonged ischemia and hypoxemia ( Elsner, 1999 ; Kooyman and Ponganis, 1998 ; Meir et al., 2009...