... during locomotion on a treadmill in six rats before and after HU. The CoM lateral shift in the step cycle significantly increased after HU and coincided with the enhanced activity of the VERT. The mean EMG of the TA and the ST flexor activity increased significantly with reduction of their burst duration...

..., the medial gastrocnemius muscle of young ( n= 9) and old ( n= 8) Fisher 344BN hybrid rats was chemically fixed at the optimal muscle length for force production; individual fascicles were dissected for length measurement, and laser diffraction was used to assess sarcomere length. Old rats had ∼14% shorter...

... for this force potentiation. However, direct examination of the influence of tendon elongation on the SSC effect has not been made. The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of tendon elongation to the SSC effect by comparing the magnitude of the SSC effect in the rat soleus with and without...

...Ksenija D. Velickovic; Mirela M. Ukropina; Radmila M. Glisic; Maja M. Cakic-Milosevic ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to determine the effects of long-term sucrose overfeeding on functional capacity and ultrastructural characteristics of the rat brown adipose tissue (BAT). For the study, 16 male...

...Paul L. Else ABSTRACT The thermal dependence (0–40°C) of Na + flux in isolated liver cells of three endotherms (mice, rat and rabbit) was compared with that of ectotherms in the form of a thermally tolerant amphibian (cane toad), a cold-water fish (rainbow trout) and a thermophilic reptile (lizard...

... assessed to what extent Huxley- and Hill-type MTC models yield adequate predictions of mechanical muscle behaviour during stretch–shortening cycles (SSCs). In fully anaesthetized male Wistar rats ( N =3), m. soleus was dissected completely free, except for the insertion. Cuff electrodes were placed over...

...André Schmidt; Audrone R. Biknevicius By examining key locomotor parameters during terrestrial locomotion on a substrate without irregularities, we show that rats frequently accelerate and decelerate between two consecutive steps while maintaining an overall steady speed and that the touchdown...

... this resembles that of rodents. Although opossums have fewer whiskers than rats, our investigation found that they have a similar vibrissal musculature. In particular, in both rats and opossums, the musculature includes both intrinsic and extrinsic muscles with the intrinsic muscles positioned as slings linking...

... elucidate in terms of the epidemiology, evolution and clinical applications of infection. In particular, we focus on the potential association between T. gondii and schizophrenia. We introduce the novel term ‘ T. gondii –rat manipulation–schizophrenia model’ and propose how future behavioural research...

..., endogenous NH 3 has been suggested to be a gas transmitter. However, so far the role of NH 3 in cardiovascular functions has not been reported. The present study was designed to investigate the inotropic effects of NH 3 on isolated perfused rat hearts and the possible mechanisms involved in these effects...

..., and decreasing fine motor control capabilities. Any or all of these factors may contribute to gait abnormalities and substantially limit an animal's speed and mobility. In this study we examined the effects of aging on whole-animal locomotor performance and hindlimb muscle mechanics in young adult rats aged 6–8...

...André Schmidt; Martin S. Fischer SUMMARY Arboreal locomotion has mainly been looked at to date in the context of investigations into the specialization of primates and other ‘arboreally adapted’ animals. The feat of moving on branches as small or smaller than the body's diameter was tested in rats...

...L. De-Doncker; M. Kasri; F. Picquet; M. Falempin SUMMARY The hindlimb unloading rat model (HU, Morey's model) is usually used to mimic and study neuromuscular changes that develop during spaceflights. This Earth-based model of microgravity induces a muscular atrophy of the slow postural muscle...

...Vesna Petrović; Aleksandra Korać; Biljana Buzadzić; Bato Korać SUMMARY Changes in inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein levels and its relationship with the hyperplasia and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) levels were examined in interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) of adult rat males...

... activation levels of a muscle and these properties has not been well defined, largely because of the lack of accurate and sustained assessments of the spontaneous activity levels of the muscle. Therefore, we determined the daily activity levels of selected rat hindlimb muscles using intramuscular EMG...

...Tanja Kleinke; Siegfried Wagner; Harald John; David Hewett-Emmett; Seppo Parkkila; Wolf-Georg Forssmann; Gerolf Gros SUMMARY We have collected gastrointestinal, mainly colonic, mucus from humans,guinea pigs, rats, and normal and carbonic anhydrase II (CAII)-deficient mice. In the mucus of all...

.... For rodents, however, all previous attempts to develop VR systems in which rats behave in the same way as in corresponding 3-D environments have failed. The question arises as to whether, in principle, rodents can be trained to navigate in a properly designed virtual environment (VE), or whether...

...Ghazala Raja; Sally Mills; T. Norman Palmer; Paul A. Fournier SUMMARY It is not clear whether the amount of accumulated lactate is the main factor limiting muscle glycogen accumulation during recovery from an intense sprint performed by previously active fasted laboratory rats. To address...

...Vesna Koko; Jelena Djordjeviæ; Gordana Cvijiæ; Vukosava Davidoviæ SUMMARY The morphological and stereological structure of rat adrenal gland was analysed by light microscopy after an acute (60 min) exposure to high ambient temperature (38°C). A significant increase in plasma corticotrophin (ACTH...

... Bcl-2. The construction and production of amplicons pα22βgalα4hsp72 and pα22βgalα4s have been described previously ( Fink et al.,1997 ; Ho, 1994 ; Lawrence et al., 1995 ). The amplicon plasmid pα22βgalα4hsp72 contains the rat inducible hsp72 gene (pHsp-8) ( Longo et al.,1993...