...Robert G. Boutilier; Julie St-Pierre SUMMARY The common frog ( Rana temporaria ) spends the coldest months of each year overwintering in ice-covered ponds where temperatures can vary from 0.5 to 4.0°C. Over the course of a winter season, the animals enter progressively into a state of metabolic...

...Glenn J. Tattersall; Robert G. Boutilier ABSTRACT At the low temperatures of the overwintering environment of the frog Rana temporaria , small changes in ambient temperature have large effects on metabolism and behaviour, especially since Q 10 values are often greatly elevated in the cold. How...

... that enabled continuous electronic surveillance of an animal’s movement along a thermal gradient. When Rana temporaria pre-acclimated to 3.5 °C were placed in a normoxic thermal gradient ranging from 0.8 to 8 °C, they invariably favoured the warmer end of the chamber. Upon exposure to hypoxia, however...

...H. P. J. Buschman; W. J. Van Der Laarse; G. J. M. Stienen; G. Elzinga ABSTRACT The origin of the threefold variation found previously in isometric force normalized to cross-sectional area of single fast-twitch tibialis anterior muscle fibres of the frog Rana temporaria was studied by using (1...

...A. J. Tiiska; K. Y. H. Lagerspetz ABSTRACT The effects of 1 or 2–3 weeks of acclimation to 4 °C and 24 °C of overwintering grass frogs ( Rana temporaria ) on the synaptic delay and on the time constant of the decay phase ( τ ) of miniature end-plate currents (MEPCs) in the neuromuscular junction...

...S. R. Soffe ABSTRACT Embryos of the frog Rana temporaria up to and around the time of hatching show a range of rhythmic and non-rhythmic movements. These may occur spontaneously or in response to lightly touching the skin of the trunk or head. The first response to touching one side is usually...