... and predator avoidance. In primates, paleontological evidence suggests selection for enhanced jumping ability during their early evolution. However, our interpretation of the fossil record remains limited, as no studies have explicitly linked levels of jumping performance with interspecific skeletal variation...

... in baboons reveals a common strategy: crouch the hind parts and sprint them underneath the rising body centre of mass. Terrestrial locomotion Primates Locomotor mechanics Quadrupedal–bipedal transitions Papio anubis FWO-Flanders K803019N Research Council of the University...

... as a weapon. Aggression Human evolution Fist Hominidae Male–male competition Muscle performance Primates In many species, male mating opportunity is determined by fighting ability and performance in male–male contests (Andersson, 1994 ; Darwin, 1871). This has led to the evolution of male...

... of olfactory surface area (SA) and nasal airflow patterns in the pygmy slow loris (Nycticebus pygmaeus), a primate with primitive nasal cavities, except for enlarged eyes that converge upon the posterodorsal nasal region. Using the head of an adult loris cadaver, we co-registered micro-computed tomography (CT...

... by human odours, primarily produced by human skin bacteria. By analysing the skin bacterial and skin volatile profiles of humans, bonobos, chimpanzees, gorillas, lemurs and cows, we investigated whether primates that are more closely related to humans have a skin bacterial community and odour profile...

... primates, macaque monkeys are distributed widely among tropical, temperate and subarctic regions, and thus some species need to condition the inhaled air in cool and dry ambient atmospheric areas. The internal nasal anatomy is believed to have undergone adaptive modifications to improve the air...

... muscles. Further study of the force–velocity relationship of muscle tissue of small primates is indicated. To enable comparisons among species, Δ E and are often expressed per kilogram of body mass to obtain body-mass-specific values, henceforth referred to as Δ E BMS and , respectively. Also...

...Henry C. Astley; Bruce C. Jayne SUMMARY Animals moving through arboreal habitats face several functional challenges, including fitting onto and moving on cylindrical branches with variable diameters and inclines. In contrast to lizards and primates, the arboreal locomotion of snakes is poorly...

...Karin Isler; Susannah K. S. Thorpe SUMMARY Vertical climbing is central to the locomotor and foraging strategies of the great apes and, indeed, to theories about the evolution of locomotor specialisations of hominoid primates. Nevertheless, its kinematics have yet to be fully evaluated. Here, we...

... of rods and cones. The latter pigment has a peak sensitivity close to 420 nm and an absorbance spectrum that is narrower than that of a photosensitive visual pigment. 13 9 1990 © 1991 by Company of Biologists 1991 colour vision visual pigments retina primates Tupaia glis Papio...

.... Colour offers a means to discover remotely the structure underlying a surface (Katz, 1935). In the case of fructivorous primates, one of the most important functions of trichromatic colour vision must be to judge the state of ripeness of fruit from the external appearance (Gautier-Hion, 1988). Similarly...