... Hominidae Male–male competition Muscle performance Primates In many species, male mating opportunity is determined by fighting ability and performance in male–male contests ( Andersson, 1994 ; Darwin, 1871 ). This has led to the evolution of male-biased sexual dimorphism in traits that improve...

... of olfactory surface area (SA) and nasal airflow patterns in the pygmy slow loris ( Nycticebus pygmaeus ), a primate with primitive nasal cavities, except for enlarged eyes that converge upon the posterodorsal nasal region. Using the head of an adult loris cadaver, we co-registered micro-computed tomography...

... by human odours, primarily produced by human skin bacteria. By analysing the skin bacterial and skin volatile profiles of humans, bonobos, chimpanzees, gorillas, lemurs and cows, we investigated whether primates that are more closely related to humans have a skin bacterial community and odour profile...

... primates, macaque monkeys are distributed widely among tropical, temperate and subarctic regions, and thus some species need to condition the inhaled air in cool and dry ambient atmospheric areas. The internal nasal anatomy is believed to have undergone adaptive modifications to improve the air...

... of the fastest mammalian muscles. Further study of the force–velocity relationship of muscle tissue of small primates is indicated. * Author for correspondence ( M_F_Bobbert@fbw.vu.nl ) Author contributions M.F.B. conceived and designed the experiments, analysed and interpreted the findings...

...Henry C. Astley; Bruce C. Jayne SUMMARY Animals moving through arboreal habitats face several functional challenges, including fitting onto and moving on cylindrical branches with variable diameters and inclines. In contrast to lizards and primates, the arboreal locomotion of snakes is poorly...

...Karin Isler; Susannah K. S. Thorpe SUMMARY Vertical climbing is central to the locomotor and foraging strategies of the great apes and, indeed, to theories about the evolution of locomotor specialisations of hominoid primates. Nevertheless, its kinematics have yet to be fully evaluated. Here, we...