... feed with little to no cranial elevation and epaxial shortening, generating suction power primarily with hypaxial shortening and pectoral girdle retraction. We hypothesized that channel catfish (1) actively anchor the head via isometric contraction of the epaxials and (2) vary feeding performance...

...; tamanduas also increase diagonality on more challenging supports. XROMM Xenarthra Biomechanics Elbow Locomotion Pectoral girdle Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659 EXC 1027 NY 63/2-1 Gait and posture in quadrupedal tetrapods has often...

... by shortening to elevate the neurocranium and retract the pectoral girdle, respectively. However, some species, like catfishes, use little cranial elevation. Are these fishes instead using the epaxial muscles to forcefully anchor the head, and if so, are they limited to lower-power strikes? We used X-ray...