... that ultimately restricts fuel to mitochondria. This study now extends knowledge on the mechanism by revealing metabolic depression is heightened by inhibitions within mitochondria. Compared with that in embryo lysates during post-diapause, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) capacity P is depressed during...

... pathways with mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation such that red carotenoid-based coloration is inextricably linked mitochondrial function. To test this hypothesis, we exposed Tigriopus californicus copepods to a mitochondrially targeted protonophore, 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), to induce proton leak...

... Roussel , D. , Salin , K. , Dumet , A. , Romestaing , C. , Rey , B. and Voituron , Y. ( 2015 ). Oxidative phosphorylation efficiency, proton conductance and reactive oxygen species production of liver mitochondria correlates with body mass in frogs . J. Exp. Biol. 218...

.... Mitochondrial respiration, including proton leak, the capacity for oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), the maximum activity of the electron transport system (ETS), reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and activity and oxygen affinity of cytochrome c oxidase (CCO) were assessed. Acclimation to constant...

... of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation were measured in permeabilized fibers and mitochondria from the pectoralis muscle. Mitochondrial ATP synthesis and coupling efficiency were measured in isolated muscle mitochondria. The mitochondrial activities of respiratory chain complexes and citrate synthase were also...

... of mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes I and III varies among vertebrates and is greatest in poikilothermic reptiles and weakest in endotherms. Bioenergetics Complexomics Mass spectrometry Mitochondria Oxidative phosphorylation Reactive oxygen species References Acín-Pérez...

... by mammals to generate ATP or compensate for energetic losses dissipated as the form of heat (proton leak) during oxidative phosphorylation. Consequently, ATP synthesis and proton leak compete for the same electrochemical gradient. Because proton leak co-varies negatively with body mass, it is unknown...

... work is properly attributed. Summary: Outline of a simple protocol for permeabilization of fish gills and measurement of mitochondrial physiology; this technique exploits the natural structure of gills and does not require mechanical separation. LEAK Oxidative phosphorylation...

...Katrina Y. Scott; Rebecca Matthew; Jennifer Woolcock; Maise Silva; Hélène Lemieux ABSTRACT As the world's climate changes, life faces an evolving thermal environment. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is critical to ensure sufficient cellular energy production, and it is strongly...

...; an animal model of maternal physical activity during pregnancy shows major modifications in offspring liver and muscle mitochondria. Endurance training Intrauterine environment Oxidative phosphorylation Offspring The prenatal environment is widely considered to have a major impact on fetus...

...). This was carried out at different steady-state rates of oxidative phosphorylation in both pectoralis (glycolytic) and gastrocnemius (oxidative) muscles. Fasting induced a decrease in the rates of oxidative phosphorylation and maximal ROS release. These changes were completely reversed by 3 days of refeeding. Yet...

... and an upregulation of oxidative phosphorylation efficiency. The aim of this study was to decipher mechanisms underlying the increased mitochondrial coupling efficiency reported in fasted birds. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation activity, efficiency and membrane potential were measured in mitochondria isolated...

... bioenergetics in king penguin ( Aptenodytes patagonicus ) chicks. Rates of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation were measured in pectoralis permeabilized fibres and isolated mitochondria. Mitochondrial ATP synthesis efficiency and the activities of respiratory chain complexes were measured in mitochondria...

.... Killifish Thermal performance Oxidative phosphorylation Local adaptation Temperature Fish Ambient temperature ( T a ) constrains whole-organism performance, and this is especially true for ectotherms. These constraints are due, at least in part, to temperature effects on biochemical reaction...

... of metabolic genes in response to a decrease in body temperature. Mitochondria Oxidative phosphorylation Goldfish Thermal acclimation Bioenergetics Nuclear respiratory factor 1 The ability to increase mitochondrial content in response to energy stress is an important capacity, enabling...

... and thigh skeletal muscle grew at faster rates than the rest of the body as the animals transitioned from an externally pipped paranate to a hatchling. Large changes in oxidative phosphorylation capacity occurred during ontogeny in both thigh muscles, the primary site of shivering, and cardiac ventricles...

... - 29 . Ludwig   B. , Bender   E. , Arnold   S. , Hüttemann   M. , Lee   I. , Kadenbach   B. ( 2001 ). Cytochrome c oxidase and the regulation of oxidative phosphorylation . ChemBioChem   2 , 392 - 403 . Moyes   C. , Suarez   R. , Hochachka   P. , Ballantyne...

... appears to be invoked quickly during entrance into torpor when body temperature is high, but is reversed slowly during arousal when body temperature is low. This pattern may reflect body temperature-sensitive, enzyme-mediated post-translational modifications of oxidative phosphorylation complexes...

... of complete anoxia every year, is not only inherently tolerant of anoxic conditions, but has also evolved the capacity to shut down oxidative phosphorylation through a reduction in Complex V activity (the F 1 F O -ATP synthase). Fig. 5. Averages for the effect of acute anoxia/reoxygenation...

... and the activities of these enzyme complexes in hibernation. Additionally, cellular membranes have been shown to change acutely between hibernation and arousal( Pehowich, 1994 ); if this occurs in mitochondria as well, it could have profound consequences for oxidative phosphorylation. Dietary PUFA might constrain...