... the spectral and morphological adaptations of the DRA in a nocturnal ball-rolling dung beetle–the only family of insects demonstrated to orient to the dim polarisation pattern in the night sky. Intracellular recordings revealed polarisation-sensitive green photoreceptors in the DRA of E s carabaeus satyrus...

...) – a mainstay of ornithological research for more than 50 years – cannot be used to explore orientation in all birds, as the output of the assay requires that birds attempt to ‘fly’ in the correct direction (something that larger birds/gliding birds are unlikely to do in a confined space). If the detection...

... , M. A. and Kanzaki , R. ( 1993 ). Organization of goal-oriented locomotion: pheromone-modulated flight behavior of moths . In Biological Neural Networks in Invertebrate Neuroethology and Robotics (ed. R. D. Beer , R. E. Ritzmann and T. McKenna ), pp. 159 - 198 . San...

...Vladimir V. Shakhparonov; Aleksander P. Golovlev; Ekaterina E. Grytsyshina; Alisa A. Bolshakova ABSTRACT The orientation of naive animals during their first migration is extensively studied in birds and sea turtles, whereas the data for other groups such as amphibians are still scarce. To date...

... were successfully reproduced using a gantry as a robotic leader. Animal–robot interaction Pheromones Tandem running Social behaviour Learning Orientation University of Bristol http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000883 University of Bristol http://dx.doi.org/10.13039...

... apparatus. However, conveying 3D spatial data of muscle orientation throughout a feeding cycle, ontogenetic pathway or phylogenetic lineage is essential to understanding the function and evolution of the skull in vertebrates. Here, we detail the use of ternary plots for displaying and comparing the 3D...

...Eric Maaß; Frederike D. Hanke ABSTRACT Visual landmarks are defined as objects with prominent shape or size that distinguish themselves from the background. With the help of landmarks, animals can orient themselves in their natural environment. Yet, the way in which landmarks are perceived...

...Florian Packmor; Dmitry Kishkinev; Flora Bittermann; Barbara Kofler; Clara Machowetz; Thomas Zechmeister; Lucinda C. Zawadzki; Tim Guilford; Richard A. Holland ABSTRACT For studies on magnetic compass orientation and navigation performance in small bird species, controlled experiments...

... obtain map information. Newts were displaced from breeding ponds without access to route-based cues to sites where they were held and/or tested under diffuse natural illumination. We found that: (1) newts held overnight at the testing site exhibited accurate homing orientation, but not if transported...

... establish their star compass in spring of the year following their first autumn migration or later. Bird migration Orientation Compass systems Celestial cues Magnetic compass Migratory birds Emlen funnels Migratory birds can use three different compass systems to determine...

... and the spectral distribution across the sky could provide directional information that T. saltator can potentially use to orient itself during the day even when the sun is not visible (e.g. cloudy sky). The scope of this work was (1) to determine the intensity levels of sky radiance that the sandhoppers use...

...Sönke Johnsen; Kenneth J. Lohmann; Eric. J. Warrant ABSTRACT Diverse organisms use Earth's magnetic field as a cue in orientation and navigation. Nevertheless, eliciting magnetic orientation responses reliably, either in laboratory or natural settings, is often difficult. Many species appear...

...-oriented loops that are centered near the point of search initiation. The radius of this search is scaled to the animal's positional uncertainty during path integration, improving the effectiveness of the search. The search behaviors exhibited by N. oerstedii bear a striking resemblance to search behaviors...

... are generated when the current behaviourally relevant cues are not available, and a well-described LAL subnetwork produces activity which increases sampling of the environment. We propose that, when behaviourally relevant cues are available, the LALs may integrate orientation information from several sensory...

... and previously visited locations. Foragers that travel straight to the foraging tree or to trees close to the nest show reduced navigational success in orienting and returning from displacements compared with individuals that forage further from the nest site. By analysing the cues present in the panorama, we...

... turtles involves an ability to navigate back to the magnetic signature of the home area. Magnetoreception Migration Geomagnetic imprinting Orientation Philopatry Natal homing refers to a pattern of behavior in which animals leave their geographic area of origin when young, migrate...

... environment later in life. Coral reef fish Larval dispersal Orientation MHC peptides Olfaction Crypt cell Like many aquatic organisms, coral reef fish show a dual life stage, where settled adults produce dispersing larvae. At hatching, planktonic larvae drift away from the reef to spend...

... considerable scientific attention. Nocturnal moth migrations have traditionally been investigated by light trapping and by observations in the wild, but in recent times a considerable improvement in our understanding of this phenomenon has come from studying insect orientation behaviour, using vertical-looking...

... spatial vision for different tasks than chitons with eyes. Unlike chitons with eyes, Chiton tuberculatus and C. marmoratus fail to distinguish between sudden appearances of overhead objects and equivalent, uniform changes in light levels. We also find that C. tuberculatus orients to static objects...

... Social insect Foraging strategy Decision making Orientation Ants deploy a large variety of foraging strategies, ranging from solitary hunting to the recruitment of bigger groups via chemical communication Hölldobler and Wilson (1990) . Optimal-foraging theory tries to explain these foraging...