... mechanism. These findings suggest that Cn11 selectively blocks a Na + channel. It is the first representative of a new group of scorpion toxins specific for this molecular target. Before analyzing in detail the results presented here, it is important to discuss briefly the current state of knowledge of Na...

...Alan L. Goldin SUMMARY Voltage-gated Na + channels play important functional roles in the generation of electrical excitability in most vertebrate and invertebrate species. These channels are members of a superfamily that includes voltage-gated K + , voltage-gated Ca 2+ and cyclic-nucleotide-gated...

... also produced plateau action potentials, but only when the membrane was pre-treated with 3-4 diaminopyridine. Under voltage-clamp conditions, δ-ACTX-Hv1a specifically affected voltage-gated Na + channels in both axons and DUM neurones. Both the current/voltage and conductance/ voltage curves of the δ...

... pacemaker neuron NMDA receptor Na + channel K + channel androgen estrogen phosphorylation Weakly electric fish are useful neuroethological subjects because their electrical signals are stereotyped and quantifiable, and the circuitry that generates and receives these signals is simple...

..., an additional inward fast-activating transient current was seen which was blocked by 2 μmol l −1 tetrodotoxin and depolarised holding potentials. The fast current represents a voltage-activated Na + channel, and the slow currents represent L-type Ca 2+ channels. We conclude that squid possess a specialised...

...Glen A. Cottrell ABSTRACT Patch-clamp experiments on the C2 neurone of Helix aspersa have shown that the neuropeptide Phe-Met-Arg-Phe-NH 2 (FMRFamide) directly gates a Na + channel. The channel is amiloride-sensitive. Activation of this channel is responsible for the fast excitatory action...