... in ecotoxicology and biomedical safety testing. Drug screening Ion channels Tissue engineering Cardiac tissue Myocyte Heart rate In vitro models are widely used in biomedical, toxicological and pharmacological research as they provide a simplified test system whilst aligning...

...: (1) mesohyl-mediated contraction originating from fusiform smooth muscle-like actinocytes (‘myocytes’) and (2) epidermal contraction originating in pinacocytes. No direct support exists for either hypothesis. The question of agonist–antagonist interaction in sponge contraction seems to have been...

... over the minutes following the initial stretch and is known as the slow force response (SFR). The SFR has been observed in mammalian isolated whole hearts, muscle preparations and individual myocytes. We present the first direct study into the SFR in the heart of a non-mammalian vertebrate, the rainbow...

...George A. Ordway; Daniel J. Garry SUMMARY Myoglobin is a cytoplasmic hemoprotein, expressed solely in cardiac myocytes and oxidative skeletal muscle fibers, that reversibly binds O 2 by its heme residue, a porphyrin ring:iron ion complex. Since the initial discovery of its structure over 40 years...

... the ventricular wall, single ventricular myocytes were isolated from the sub-epicardium (EPI) and sub-endocardium (ENDO) of exercised rats and from sedentary rats for comparison. Cellular hypertrophy (approximately 20 % greater cell volume) was seen in ENDO cells from exercised animals, but no significant changes...

...Claire L. Harwood; F. Chris Howarth; John D. Altringham; Ed White ABSTRACT The effects of increasing stimulation frequency (from 0.2 to 1.4 Hz) on the contractility, intracellular Ca 2+ concentration ([Ca2+] i ) and membrane potential of single ventricular myocytes isolated from the heart...

... thermal compensation in either the rate of protein synthesis or the rate of oxygen consumption by isolated mitochondria. In a further series of experiments, total protein synthesis and oxygen consumption were measured in isolated myocytes. The rate of oxygen consumption by myocytes remained constant over...

.../body mass)], and this resulted in an increased proportion of epicardium relative to endocardium. Ventricular enlargement was associated with increased length (+31 %) and transverse cross-sectional area (+83 %) of cardiomyocytes, which resulted in an expansion of up to 2.2-fold in mean myocyte volume...