... sensory processing over dedicated neuronal pathways, and the challenges of multimodal integration in distributed networks. We discuss how the gain of distributed networks may be tuned to enable the behavioral repertoire of these systems, and argue that insect premotor networks might compensate...

.... and Rössler , W. ( 2018 ). Multimodal integration and stimulus categorization in putative mushroom body output neurons of the honeybee . R. Soc. Open Sci. 5 , 171785 . 10.1098/rsos.171785 Sutherland , N. S. and Mackintosh , N. J. ( 1971 ). Mechanisms of Animal Discrimination...

... Multimodal integration Olfaction Vision Associative learning and memory Angiosperms attract suitable pollinators using sophisticated olfactory and visual cues culminating in impressive cases of pollinator manipulations for maximizing pollen transfer ( Schiestl and Schlüter, 2009 ). Honeybees...

... , M. M. and Van Opstal , A. J. ( 2005 ). Relearning sound localization with a new ear . J. Neurosci.   25 , 5413 - 5424 . 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0850-05.2005 Verhaal , J. and Luksch , H. ( 2016 ). Multimodal integration in the chicken . J. Exp. Biol.   219 , 90 - 95...

... Vision Multimodal integration Flight Drosophila Summary: Halteres, specialized fly mechanosensory organs for detecting body rotations, influence visually guided head movements even when flies are flying straight. Removing halteres decreases head movement responses to fast-moving visual...

..., but not in comparison to acoustic stimuli alone. Thus, even in a relatively unspecialized species such as the chicken, the benefits of multimodal integration are exploited for sensory processing. * Author for correspondence ( [email protected] ) Competing interests The authors declare no competing...

... property of the GDN is suggested by comparisons with the GAMDN, in which action potentials are readily elicited by mechanical and visual stimuli. The results are discussed in the context of descending pathways involved in multimodal integration and escape responses. * Author for correspondence ( mul...

... memory multimodal integration antennal movement Although Drosophila has provided valuable insights into the genetics of learning and memory ( Tully and Quinn, 1985 ; Dubnau et al.,2001 ), it has so far been practically intractable for physiological studies of identified neurons and neuronal...

[email protected] ) 25 9 2003 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2004 2004 vision olfaction fruit fly Drosophila sensorimotor integration sensory fusion optomotor multimodal integration As expected of a cosmopolitan generalist, Drosophila melanogaster is remarkably adept...

... modalities, indicating that the food detection system is flexible and plastic. * e-mail: [email protected] 13 1 1998 5 3 1998 © 1998 The Company of Biologists Limited 1998 electrolocation vision sensory plasticity food search multimodal integration electric...

....), while stimuli signalling unintended deviations from a straight flight path must elicit compensatory steering to avoid disorientation or even a crash. locust flow field descending neurone flight control multimodal integration vision Locusta migratoria . © 1992 by Company of Biologists...