... of terrain amplitude and the cube of walking speed. Metabolic energy Biomechanics Locomotion Bipedal walking Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000038 Humans walk on uneven terrain with a variety of biomechanical...

... approximately 2.5% in a mouse to 10% in an elephant, with implications for evolutionary and medical science. Body size Cardiac efficiency Left ventricle Mechanical work Metabolic energy Scaling South African National Research Foundation 136166 Australian Research Council http...

... these criteria, focusing on controlling the center of mass (COM) during ascent. However, the link between COM movements and metabolic energy costs has yet to be evaluated empirically. In this study, we manipulated climbing conditions across three experimental setups to elicit changes in COM position...

...Tim J. van der Zee; Arthur D. Kuo ABSTRACT Muscles consume metabolic energy for active movement, particularly when performing mechanical work or producing force. Less appreciated is the cost for activating muscle quickly, which adds considerably to the overall cost of cyclic force production...

.... This could be due to the fact that the energy required for calcification is a small fraction (1–3%) of the total metabolic energy demand and corals even under low food conditions might therefore still be able to allocate this small portion of energy to calcification. The response and resistance to ocean...

...Dominic James Farris; Jennifer L. Hicks; Scott L. Delp; Gregory S. Sawicki Experiments have shown that elastic ankle exoskeletons can be used to reduce ankle joint and plantar-flexor muscle loading when hopping in place and, in turn, reduce metabolic energy consumption. However, recent experimental...

... length indeed has much greater effect on both the mechanical work of the step-to-step transition (23% variation, P =0.04) and the overall energetic cost of walking (6%, P =0.03) than foot radius (no significant effect, P >0.05). We found the minimum metabolic energy cost for an arc foot length...

...Jiro Doke; Arthur D. Kuo SUMMARY We compared two hypothesized energetic costs for swinging the human leg quickly. The first cost is to perform mechanical work on the leg, and the second is to produce muscle force cyclically at high frequencies. Substantial metabolic energy is expended to perform...

... advantageous for plantigrade walking,partially due to decreased work for step-to-step transitions. * Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 24 7 2006 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2006 2006 metabolic energy locomotion biomechanics rocker bottom During...

...Jiro Doke; J. Maxwell Donelan; Arthur D. Kuo SUMMARY We measured how much metabolic energy is expended to swing a human leg. A previous dynamical model of walking predicted that increasing metabolic costs for walking with step length and step frequency trade-off against each other to determine...