... information available for protein sequences of certain invertebrates, such as the great pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis , a model organism that has been used highly successfully in elucidating evolutionarily conserved mechanisms of memory function and dysfunction. Here, we used a bioinformatics approach...

...Maria Fernell; Veronica Rivi; Anuradha Batabyal; Ken Lukowiak ABSTRACT There are reports on the inability of inbred, laboratory-reared Lymnaea stagnalis to perform feeding and aerial respiration in the cold. It has also been suggested that laboratory-bred snails have an inability to perform aerial...

...Cayley Swinton; Erin Swinton; Iain Phillips; Ken Lukowiak ABSTRACT A heat stressor (1 h at 30°C) in Lymnaea stagnalis before operant conditioning training of aerial respiration is sufficient to enhance long-term memory (LTM) formation in ‘average’ cognitive ability, laboratory-reared, inbred snails...

...Erin Swinton; Cayley Swinton; Ken Lukowiak ABSTRACT Ecologically relevant stressors alter the ability of the pond snail, Lymnaea stagnalis , to form long-term memory (LTM). Here, we show that an environmentally relevant stressor, shell damage, has a dramatic effect on the enhancement of LTM...

... the scent of a crayfish predator (CE) is encountered in Lymnaea stagnalis strains known to be predator experienced (e.g. the W-strain), enhancement of memory formation and depression of feeding occur, which are part of a suite of anti-predator behaviours. We hypothesized that Lymnaea possess a form...

... stressors, such as low environmental calcium and crowding, on learning and memory have previously been described in a laboratory-reared ‘average’ strain of Lymnaea stagnalis (i.e. the Dutch strain) as well as two strains of freshly collected L . stagnalis with enhanced memory formation abilities (i.e...

...Hiroshi Sunada; Hamza Riaz; Emily de Freitas; Kai Lukowiak; Cayley Swinton; Erin Swinton; Amy Protheroe; Tamila Shymansky; Yoshimasa Komatsuzaki; Ken Lukowiak ABSTRACT Environmentally relevant stressors alter the memory-forming process in Lymnaea following operant conditioning of aerial respiration...

... in Lymnaea. Combining two stressors (low-calcium pond water and crowding) blocks learning and all forms of memory; that is, this combination of environmentally relevant stressors creates a memory-unfriendly state. We tested the hypothesis that Epi will immediately reverse the memory-unfriendly state, i.e...

...Etsuro Ito; Miki Yamagishi; Dai Hatakeyama; Takayuki Watanabe; Yutaka Fujito; Varvara Dyakonova; Ken Lukowiak ABSTRACT Food deprivation for 1 day in the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis before aversive classical conditioning results in optimal conditioned taste aversion (CTA) and long-term memory (LTM...

...Etsuro Ito; Miki Yamagishi; Satoshi Takigami; Manabu Sakakibara; Yutaka Fujito; Ken Lukowiak The pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis can learn conditioned taste aversion and then consolidate it into long-term memory (LTM). A high-voltage electric shock was used as the unconditioned stimulus, where we have...

...Bogdan Knezevic; Ken Lukowiak Learning and subsequent memory formation are influenced by both environmental and lifestyle factors, such as stress and diet. Epicatechin, a plant flavonol found in cocoa, red wine and green tea enhances long-term memory (LTM) formation in Lymnaea . By contrast...

...) training procedure. In addition, when mammalian insulin is superfused over the isolated Lymnaea stagnalis central nervous system, it elicits long-term synaptic enhancement at the monosynaptic connection between the cerebral giant cell and the buccal 1 (B1) motor neuron. This synaptic enhancement is thought...

...Morgan Lee Teskey; Kai S. Lukowiak; Hamza Riaz; Sarah Dalesman; Ken Lukowiak SUMMARY The pond snail, Lymnaea stagnalis , naturally inhabits slow flowing, shallow and stagnant environments in the northern temperate zone. Consequently, it will experience wide temperature fluctuations dependent...

...Vikram Karnik; Marvin Braun; Sarah Dalesman; Ken Lukowiak SUMMARY In the freshwater environment species often rely on chemosensory information to modulate behavior. The pond snail, Lymnaea stagnalis , is a model species used to characterize the causal mechanisms of long-term memory (LTM) formation...

...M. Orr; K. Hittel; K. S. Lukowiak; J. Han; K. Lukowiak SUMMARY We found strain differences in the ability of wild Alberta Lymnaea stagnalis to form long-term memory (LTM) following operant conditioning when L. stagnalis were collected from the wild and trained in the laboratory. Lymnaea stagnalis...

...Michael V. Orr; Karla Hittel; Ken Lukowiak SUMMARY We set out to determine whether the ability to form long-term memory (LTM)is influenced by laboratory rearing. We investigated the ability of four populations of Lymnaea stagnalis to form LTM following operant conditioning both in the freely...

...Pascaline De Caigny; Ken Lukowiak SUMMARY Crowding is an environmental stressor. We found that this stressor altered(i.e. prevented) the ability of Lymnaea to form long-term memory(LTM) following operant conditioning of aerial respiratory behaviour. The ability to form LTM was compared between...

... such behaviours in our model system, Lymnaea stagnalis . One, a naturally occurring stressor– the scent of a predator (crayfish) – and the other an artificially controlled one – 25 mmoll –1 KCl –significantly alter adaptive behaviours. Both the KCl stressor and predator detection enhance long-term memory (LTM...

...Michael V. Orr; Malik El-Bekai; Melissa Lui; Katrina Watson; Ken Lukowiak SUMMARY Laboratory-reared Lymnaea are capable of detecting and responding to the scent of a crayfish predator. The present investigation is a first attempt to characterize multiple stress-related behavioural responses...

...Chloe McComb; Nishi Varshney; Ken Lukowiak SUMMARY Adult snails are capable of learning associatively not to perform aerial respiration and then to consolidate the acquired behaviour into long-term memory (LTM). Juvenile Lymnaea , however, perform aerial respiration significantly less often...