... of Biologists Ltd 2024 https://www.biologists.com/user-licence-1-1/ Summary: Tree frogs show diverse techniques when landing on perches of increasing diameters. Arboreal landing Horizontal perches Behavioural control Kinematics Kinetics Tree frogs National Natural Science...

.... 67 , 1 - 48 . 10.18637/jss.v067.i01 Bock , W. J. ( 1964 ). Kinetics of the avian skull . J. Morphol. 114 , 1 - 41 . 10.1002/jmor.1051140102 Bout , R. G. ( 2003 ). Biomechanics of the avian skull . In Vertebrate Biomechanics and Evolution (ed. V. L. Bels...

..., large force contractions that stabilize their body below branches and conserve energy during locomotion. However, it is unknown whether two- and three-toed sloths converge in their use of limb kinetics and if these patterns are comparable to how primates perform arboreal suspensory locomotion...

...Melody W. Young; Samantha K. Lynch; Edwin Dickinson; Allen A. Currier, III; Elizabeth C. Davoli; Christopher S. Hanna; Hannah M. Fischer; Gianluca A. DiUbaldi; Michael C. Granatosky ABSTRACT The biomechanical demands of arboreal locomotion are generally thought to necessitate specialized kinetic...

... dormancy. Transitions into dormancy vary slightly, where tautog will make short migrations to overwintering habitats while cunner overwinter in year-round habitats. To understand how muscle function changes with temperature, we held fish for 4 weeks at either 5 or 20°C and then ran muscle kinetic...

... speed galloping in the cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) and the racing greyhound (Canis familiaris): spatio-temporal and kinetic characteristics . J. Exp. Biol.   215 , 2425 - 2434 . 10.1242/jeb.066720 Jayes , A. S. and Alexander , R. M. ( 1978 ). Mechanics of locomotion of dogs (Canis...

... in speed between the treatments. Kinetic comparisons also showed differences between classically arboreal species and quolls. Like quolls, the grey short-tailed opossum showed both fore and hindlimbs had equal roles in body weight support (vertical force) on inclined surfaces ( Lammers and Biknevicius...

... functional differentiation of the limbs is exhibited. Hindlimb Forelimb Peak force Impulse force Kinetics National Science Foundation 10.13039/100000001 Leakey Foundation 10.13039/100005966 The Force and Motion Foundation National Science Foundation...

... joint work in water just as they do at the lower limb on land. Swimming Kinetics Load Inverse dynamics Computational fluid dynamics Humans move in water, sometimes undulating ventrally and ricocheting at the surface when swimming butterfly, sometimes paddling dorsally in a windmill...

... (semimembranosus and plantaris) vary widely across taxa and show correlations to locomotor performance, particularly jumping performance. Amphibian Contractile Kinetics Muscular Evolution Frog Animals have evolved a wide array of locomotor modes (e.g. walking, swimming, flying, slithering...

... criterion. Avian locomotion Charadriiform birds Kinetics Optimization Leg work The locomotion of small birds is characterized by a crouched posture. This posture could, for example, relate to the bird's ability to deal with rough terrain ( Blum et al., 2011 ) or to power requirements...

... and kinetics. Consistent with previous research, the spatiotemporal variables showed a sudden switch from walking to running in one transition step. During this step there was a sudden increase in forward speed, the so-called speed jump (0.42 m s −1 ). At total body level, this was reflected in a sudden...

... expresses two AANAT2 transcripts displaying high similarity between them and with trout Oncorhynchus mykiss AANAT2, differing by only two amino acid sites. We compared the kinetics and 3D models of these enzymes as well as of a chimeric construct, particularly with regard to their response to temperature...

... impact of such `compensatory' growth trajectories within the context of developmental changes in locomotor behavior. I used standard kinematic and kinetic techniques to investigate the ontogenetic scaling of joint postures, substrate reaction forces, joint load arm lengths and external joint moments...

... 24% for organic sources. Taken altogether, dissolved organic and inorganic nitrogen can supply almost 100% of the nitrogen needs for tissue growth. © The Company of Biologists Limited 2008 2008 coral isotopic enrichment uptake kinetics dissolved free amino acid Coral reefs...

... coefficient t jump duration (time between take off and landing) v velocity x strain gauge signal voltage y vertical drop θ take-off angle flying squirrels Glaucomys sabrinus jumping gliding kinetics substrate reaction forces biomechanics...

...). (C)Femoral adduction angle (angle H left-H right-K) was calculated to quantify the degree of hip adduction relative to a transverse line through the acetabula. (D) Ground reaction forces in body weight units (BWU) of a typical trial indicating key kinetic events: peak vertical force, peak braking...

... to reduce their body volume by up to 73.3% during regular contractions. Each contraction cycle follows a characteristic pattern of four phases, permitting analysis of the kinetics of contraction and expansion. Long-term observations (for >7 days) reveal that the sponge contractions display a day-night...

... be conserved by two energy-saving mechanisms ( Cavagna et al.,1977 ). Inverse pendulum mechanics are employed at slower speeds,when gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy cycle out-of-phase with one another and therefore may be exchanged in a pendulum-like manner. At higher speeds, spring mechanics...

... of acclimation temperature( T A ). The products of locus Ldh-B comprise only 14–19% (depending on the tissue) of total LDH activities and,consequently, differences between phenotypes are negligible in terms of their effect on LDH total performance. No kinetic( \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper...