... isolation or in pairs with access to chemical and visual cues. After 1 week of housing, we analysed their individual responses to a visual danger signal while they were foraging. We found that crayfish previously housed in pairs with exchange of sensory signals responded to a simulated predator attack...

... mesh screens allowed us to quantify simultaneously how much bees sought proximity and interaction with other bees and their preference for nestmates over non-nestmates. Both sociability and nestmate affiliation could be detected soon after emergence as an adult. Isolation early in adult life impaired...

...Sarah Dalesman; Ken Lukowiak SUMMARY Social isolation is often considered to have negative effects on cognitive function in a wide range of species. Here we assess how environmental context alters the effect of isolation on long-term memory formation (24 h) in the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis . We...