... Sarcomere Mitochondria Calcium Hypertrophy For this Special Issue (SI) of Journal of Experimental Biology entitled ‘The Integrative Biology of the Heart’, we invited and encouraged novel, forward-looking papers that spanned the diversity in structure and function of the heart from the cellular...

... mRNA level increased. Analysis of myomere cross-sectional area, distribution of muscle fiber sizes and number of fibers per myomere showed that muscle hypertrophy but not hyperplasia was inhibited during fasting. Both higher igf2 mRNA level and the persistence of cell proliferation could be supporting...

..., highlighting the importance of seasonal cues for cardiac remodelling in a eurythermal fish. Heart Action potential Electrophysiology Hypertrophy Thermal remodelling Myoxocephalus scorpio Fishes living in temperate latitudes experience both acute and chronic fluctuations in their thermal...

... morphologies. We further highlight three mechanisms that have been hypothesized to promote adipocyte hypertrophy and thus to regulate adipose morphology. * Author for correspondence ( [email protected] ) Competing interests The authors declare no competing or financial interests. © 2018...

...Kristian Gundersen; Stan L. Lindstedt; Hans H. Hoppeler ABSTRACT Memory is a process in which information is encoded, stored, and retrieved. For vertebrates, the modern view has been that it occurs only in the brain. This review describes a cellular memory in skeletal muscle in which hypertrophy...

..., and in ageing, have been obtained by the use of ultrasonography; these have led to the identification of clinical biomarkers of disuse atrophy and sarcopenia. Recent evidence also shows that the pattern of muscle hypertrophy in response to chronic loading is contraction-mode dependent (eccentric versus...

...Jill A. Rahnert; Thomas J. Burkholder SUMMARY High-frequency electrical stimulation (HFES) leads to muscle hypertrophy, and attention has been drawn to the high forces involved. However, both mechanical and metabolic stresses occur simultaneously, and both stimuli influence signaling cascades...

... of myostatin is less clear, but its paradoxical increase in photo-stimulated `migrants' may indicate a role in seasonal adjustments of protein turnover. * Author for correspondence ( [email protected] ) 24 5 2011 © 2011. 2011 avian TLL1 muscle size hypertrophy phenotypic flexibility...

... that can be used for enhanced post-hatching growth, finally resulting in larger adults. * Author for correspondence ( [email protected] ) 4 2 2011 © 2011. 2011 muscle growth hyperplasia hypertrophy fibre type temperature Pax7 fish muscle muscle precursor cell...

... stress-coping styles differ in their physiological and behavioral profiles. We show that the mean cardiosomatic index (CSI) of adult HR fish was 34% higher than in LR fish, mainly because of hypertrophy of the compact myocardium. To characterize the hypertrophy as physiological or pathological, we...

..., the significant ( P <0.01) increases in mean cross-sectional area (and total muscle volume) were equal in both groups. Finally, strength increases were identical for both groups (PT=25% and NA=26% improvement). The results of this study suggest that muscle rebuilding – for example, hypertrophy – can...

... Crocodylus porosus. Aust. Zool. 21 , 599 -604. Grimm, A. F., De La Torre, L. and La Porta, M., Jr ( 1970 ). Ventricular nuclei-DNA relationships with myocardial growth and hypertrophy in the rat. Circ. Res. 26 , 45 -52. Herget, G. W., Neuburger, M., Plagwitz, R. and Adler, C. P. ( 1997 ). DNA...

.... The concentrations of growth factors and transcription factors hypothesised to play a role in regulating exercise-induced muscle fibre hypertrophy were measured. Exercise training resulted in a minor increase in calcineurin localisation in the nucleus. However, nuclear factor of T-cells 2 (NFAT2) nuclear...

... The Company of Biologists Limited 2004 2004 Drosophila melanogaster tracheae hypoxia hyperoxia selection hypertrophy Oxygen plays a pivotal role in the development of circulatory and respiratory organs from animals of diverse taxa. For example, vertebrates and invertebrates adapt...

... ( Carassius auratus ). J. Exp. Biol. 206 , 4057 -4065. Clark, R. J. and Rodnick, K. J. ( 1998 ). Morphometric and biochemical characteristics of ventricular hypertrophy in male rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ). J. Exp. Biol. 210 , 1541 -1552. Clark, R. J. and Rodnick, K. J. ( 1999...

... muscle cell hypertrophy and hypotrophy,respectively. Increased cell proliferation is not the cause of increase in gizzard size. In the small intestine, however, we found elevated levels of cell proliferation after diet switching and conclude that increased capacity(upregulation) of the small intestine...

.... Analysis of fibre numbers and sizes indicated that white and red myotomal muscles each develop in a different manner. In white muscle, the initial growth phase is dominated by fibre hypertrophy, while the later larval growth phase also includes significant hyperplasia. Red muscle growth is mainly due...

...A. J. Natali; D. L. Turner; S. M. Harrison; E. White ABSTRACT A model of voluntary exercise, in which rats are given free access to a running wheel over a 14-week period, led to left ventricular hypertrophy. To test whether the hypertrophic response to exercise was uniformly distributed across...

... larva temperature muscle development myotome hyperplasia hypertrophy white muscle In fish, muscle tissue forms a larger part of the mass of the body than it does in other vertebrates. In adult fish, locomotor muscle represents approximately 40–60 % of the total body mass. It is subdivided...

... by determining the number of muscle fibres (hyperplasia) and the growth of existing fibres (hypertrophy). Larvae were fed rotifers containing a high (1.4; treatment 1) or low (0.2; treatment 2) ratio of docosahexaenoic acid to eicosapentaenoic acid from day 5 after hatching. From day 17, the larvae were fed...