... and genetic regulation. We have also created a database of more than 300 optical nanostructures in butterflies and conducted a meta-analysis of the color range, abundance and phylogenetic distribution of each nanostructure class. Butterfly structural colors are ubiquitous in short wavelengths but extremely...

... and livestock improvement is to identify the precise genes and genetic changes that must be engineered to obtain traits of interest. Here, we discuss the advantages of bio-inspired genome editing, i.e. the engineered introduction of natural mutations that have already been associated with traits of interest...

..., Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes, Drosophila melanogaster flies and Mus musculus mice. Our molecular understanding of the cell division cycle, embryonic development, biological clocks and metabolism were all obtained through genetic analysis using these species. Yet the ‘big 6’ did not start out as genetic model...

.... , Mujagic , Z. , Imhann , F. , Vila , A. V. , Deelen , P. , Vatanen , T. , Schirmer , M. , Smeekens , S. P. , et al. ( 2016 ). The effect of host genetics on the gut microbiome . Nat. Genet.   48 , 1407 - 1412 . 10.1038/ng.3663 Calandreau , L. , Favreau-Peigné...

... to genetic predisposition, overnutrition or sedentary living, complications such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease are more likely to arise. The vinegar fly Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is used as a model to better understand the mechanisms governing fat metabolism and distribution...

... 2009 artificial selection endurance exhaustion experimental evolution genetics glucose lactate locomotor activity wheel running Locomotion is vital for such activities as obtaining food, escaping from predators, and locating or courting mates (see Djawdan and Garland, 1988...