... and hypoxia. Environmental stress Climate change Gastrointestinal tract The animal gut has long been recognised for its plasticity (see Glossary), exhibiting adjustments in morphology and function in response to environmental challenges such as changes in diet quality, meal size, fasting...

...Ayelén Melisa Blanco; Jessica Calo; José Luis Soengas ABSTRACT The gut and brain are constantly communicating and influencing each other through neural, endocrine and immune signals in an interaction referred to as the gut–brain axis. Within this communication system, the gastrointestinal tract...

...Melanie Williams; Domenico Barranca; Carol Bucking ABSTRACT Trout caeca are vermiform structures projecting from the anterior intestine of the gastrointestinal tract. Despite their simple gross morphology, these appendages are physically distinct along the anterior–posterior axis...

... of digestive status on the reptilian gut . Comp. Biochem. Physiol.   133A , 499 - 518 . Hume , D. , Beiglböck , C. , Ruf , T. , Frey-Roos , F. , Bruns , U. and Arnold , W. (2002). Seasonal changes in morphology and function of the gastrointestinal tract of free-living alpine...

... Gill Gastrointestinal tract Malpighian tubule Fig. 5. Immunolocalization of Na + /K + -ATPase (NKA) and V-type H + -ATPase (VA) in the tracheal gills of the freshwater-residing mayfly (Hexagenia rigida) nymph and Na + transport across different gills as well as different regions...

...Sean A. Williamson; Stephanie K. Courtney Jones; Adam J. Munn Phenotypic plasticity of organ size allows some animals to manage fluctuations of resource quality or availability. Here, we examined the phenotypic plasticity of the gastrointestinal tract of king quail (Coturnix chinensis) in a diet...

...Agustí Muñoz-Garcia; Sarah E. Aamidor; Marshall D. McCue; Scott R. McWilliams; Berry Pinshow SUMMARY During migratory flight, the mass of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and its associated organs in small birds decreases in size by as much as 40%, compared with the preflight condition because...

... and along the gastrointestinal tract in unconfined and crowded toadfish. Gulf toadfish were caught by roller trawl in Biscayne Bay, Florida, by commercial shrimpers during January and February 2009. Toadfish were immediately transferred to the laboratory and given a freshwater dip (2 min) followed...

... gastrointestinal tract crocodiles ultrasonography Seasonal pattern of food availability determine periods of feeding and fasting in many carnivorous and herbivorous sauropsids. Broad nosed caimans, Caiman latirostris , inhabit shallow marshes and ephemeral ponds in tropical and subtropical South America...

...Carol Bucking; Chris M. Wood SUMMARY The temporal effects of feeding and digestion on chyme composition,specifically water and solid content, and net fluxes across the gastrointestinal tract, as well as plasma parameters, were examined in freshwater rainbow trout. A single meal of commercial dry...

... transcripts Fugu rubripes gastrointestinal tract kidney teleost fish sea bream Sparus auratus The aquaporin family [formerly called the major intrinsic protein (MIP)family] consists of transmembrane channel proteins (AQP), which function as channels for non-ionic compounds (Heymann and Engel...

... 2001 © 2001 by Company of Biologists 2001 phenotypic flexibility gastrointestinal tract nutrition functional anatomy Burmese python Python molurus bivittatus Current paradigms of animal design (Weibel et al., 1998) presume that the size and function of an organ system...

... data (Starck, 1999), I have shown that phenotypic flexibility of the gastrointestinal tract has been reported from 31 bird species, nine mammals, one snake, one frog and one fish. However, almost all studies only consider increases in organ size and function, and decreases have been ignored...