... behavior can be enough to avoid a predatory menace but, when the risk is high or increases to a higher level, animals switch strategy and engage in an escape response. The neural bases underlying escape responses to visual stimuli have been extensively investigated both in vertebrates and arthropods...

... of an automated escape system enabling manipulation of prey kinematic and behavioral parameters, offering a new approach for investigating predator–prey interactions. Escape response Flight response Manipulation experiment Predatory attack Predator–prey interaction Japan Society...

...Ana Laura Pietrantuono; Maria B. Aguirre; Octavio A. Bruzzone; Fernando J. Guerrieri ABSTRACT Mosquito larvae live in water and perform a stereotyped escape response when a moving object projects its shadow on the water surface, indicating potential risk of predation. Repeated presentations...

...Paolo Domenici; Melina E. Hale ABSTRACT The study of fish escape responses has provided important insights into the accelerative motions and fast response times of these animals. In addition, the accessibility of the underlying neural circuits has made the escape response a fundamental model...

... of the Mauthner-initiated escape response in a teleost fish . J. Exp. Biol.   161 , 469 - 487 . Eme , J. and Bennett , W. A. ( 2009 ). Critical thermal tolerance polygons of tropical marine fishes from Sulawesi, Indonesia . J. Therm. Biol.   34 , 220 - 225 . 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2009.02.005...

... to accelerate. These escape responses need to fulfil a number of functional demands, under the constraints of the fluid environment and the larva's body shape. Primarily, the larvae need to generate sufficient escape speed in a wide range of possible directions, in a short-enough time. In this study, we...

...Diana H. Li; William F. Gilly ABSTRACT Squids display a wide range of swimming behaviors, including powerful escape jets mediated by the giant axon system. For California market squid ( Doryteuthis opalescens ), maintaining essential behaviors like the escape response during environmental...

... C -starts. Escape response Reticulospinal system Speed–accuracy Fast start Neuroethology The life-saving escape C -starts of teleost fish are among the fastest responses known in the animal kingdom ( Eaton, 1984 ; Sillar et al., 2016 ). Driven by a relatively small reticulospinal...

... velocity of the giant nerve fiber of the shrimp, Penaeus orientalis .   Kexue Tongbao   12 , 51 - 52 . Faulkes , Z. ( 2015 ). Motor neurons in the escape response circuit of white shrimp (Litopenaeus setiferrus) . PeerJ   3 , e1112 . 10.7717/peerj.1112 Furshpan , E. J...

... by identified giant neurons to continuously regulate the speed of the escape run. Looming Collision avoidance Motion detection Lobula neurons Escape response Crustacean Upon the sight of an approaching predator, an animal has to decide in a timely manner at what moment, in what direction...

...Benjamin M. Perlman; Miriam A. Ashley-Ross ABSTRACT Aquatic C -start escape responses in teleost fishes are driven by a well-studied network of reticulospinal neurons that produce a motor pattern of simultaneous contraction of axial muscle on the side of the body opposite the threatening stimulus...

... and aerobic performance. Aerobic scope Climate change Escape response Leucoraja erinacea P CO 2 Thermal adaptation Temperature can vary considerably across the geographic range of a temperate species ( Angilletta, 2009 ). This thermal gradient often favors the evolution of locally...

...Arjun Nair; Grigor Azatian; Matthew J. McHenry ABSTRACT Larval fish use the ‘fast start’ escape response to rapidly evade the strike of a predator with a three-dimensional (3D) maneuver. Although this behavior is essential for the survival of fishes, it is not clear how its motion is controlled...

... impacting thrust and possibly swimming energetics ( Rockwell et al., 1938 ; Wainwright et al., 1978 ; Videler, 1993 ; Westneat et al., 1993 ; Long et al., 1994 ; McHenry et al., 1995 ; Long et al., 1996 ; Long, 1998 ; Long et al., 2002 ). intervertebral joints escape response kinematics...

...Damián Oliva; Daniel Tomsic SUMMARY Escape responses to directly approaching predators represent one instance of an animal's ability to avoid collision. Usually, such responses can be easily evoked in the laboratory using two-dimensional computer simulations of approaching objects, known as looming...

...Brad A. Chadwell; Emily M. Standen; George V. Lauder; Miriam A. Ashley-Ross SUMMARY The fast-start escape response is critically important to avoid predation, and axial movements driving it have been studied intensively. Large median dorsal and anal fins located near the tail have been hypothesized...

... of the flexible fin surface. To expand our analysis of median fin function during the escape response of bluegill sunfish ( Lepomis macrochirus ), patterns of spanwise and chordwise curvature of the soft dorsal and anal fin surfaces were examined from the same video sequences previously used in analysis of fin...

...Stefano Marras; Shaun S. Killen; Guy Claireaux; Paolo Domenici; David J. McKenzie SUMMARY Inter-individual variation in physiological performance traits, which is stable over time, can be of potential ecological and evolutionary significance. The fish escape response is interesting in this regard...

...Paolo Domenici; Jonathan M. Blagburn; Jonathan P. Bacon Summary Escape responses are used by many animal species as their main defence against predator attacks. Escape success is determined by a number of variables; important are the directionality (the percentage of responses directed away from...

... escape responses. Three experiments were carried out. (1) Control and WS-stimulated fish were startled using lateral mechanical stimuli, to test whether the orientation of the postural C-bend affected escape direction and performance. Postural curvature was defined as positive when escapes were towards...