... environment, to cooling down through the evaporation of body fluids and synthesizing heat shock proteins to prevent damage at the cellular level after heat exposure. In contrast, endothermy may allow an insect to fight parasitic infections, fly within a large range of T a and facilitate nest defense. Since...

... control lines in organ mass; V̇ O 2 ,max and BMR are uncorrelated. These results offer limited support for the aerobic capacity model, but are relevant to the ‘behavior evolves first’ model. Basal metabolic rate Behavior Endothermy Energetics Experimental evolution Locomotion...

...Roberto F. Nespolo; Isabella Peña; Carlos Mejías; Abel Ñunque; Tomás Altamirano; Francisco F. Bozinovic ABSTRACT Endothermy, understood as the maintenance of continuous and high body temperatures owing to the combination of metabolic heat production and an insulative cover, is severely challenged...

... the trade-off between growth and thermoregulation, but the effects of temperature on the ontogeny of endothermy are not fully understood. Therefore, we experimentally tested whether heating the nest cup of Eurasian blue tits ( Cyanistes caeruleus ) during incubation would influence cold tolerance...

...: Precocial birds incubated at low temperature take longer to develop cold tolerance, with possible costs for energy acquisition in early life. Body temperature Development Endothermy Heterothermy Life history Poultry Thermoregulation The demands of avian incubation often parallel, or even...

...-shivering thermogenesis was not reinforced by sea acclimatization. This result suggests that king penguins mainly rely on skeletal muscle contraction (shivering or locomotor activity) to maintain endothermy at sea. Sea-acclimatized immature penguins also exhibited higher shivering efficiency and oxygen...

... torpor, which is characterised by controlled reductions of metabolism and body temperature ( T b ). We investigated at what age the precocial king quail Coturnix chinensis can defend a high T b under a mild thermal challenge and whether they can express torpor soon after achieving endothermy to overcome...

...: Thermogenic UCP1 was pseudogenized much earlier than previously thought, in a common ancestor of peccaries and pigs, providing the molecular rationale for cold sensitivity and current tropical biogeography among extant peccaries. Uncoupling protein 1 Endothermy Evolution Brown adipose tissue...

... (cold-induced V̇ O 2 ,max ). However, it is unclear how selection at HA for shivering thermogenesis acts early in the development of small altricial mammals, which are born with immature skeletal muscles and without the capacity for homeothermic endothermy. We have previously shown that postnatal...

... of Biologists Ltd 2019 http://www.biologists.com/user-licence-1-1/ Summary: Intra-specific analysis of the heterothermic response in a wild mammal supports a novel specialist–generalist theoretical model for endothermic thermoregulation. Torpor Repeatability Homeothermy Endothermy Mammals...

... abilities to thermoregulate. The discovery of BAT in the afrotherian tenrec ( Fig. 1 F) has significant implications for proximate and ultimate causes of BAT evolution and eutherian endothermy that may be related to offspring incubation and parental care ( Oelkrug et al., 2015 ). With the discovery of BAT...

... this strategy for longer periods of time in the high sucrose : low T a treatment. We found that diet quality and T a played an important role in the use of torpor by nectar-feeding bats. The evolution of homeothermic endothermy allowed animals to maintain optimized physiological processes regardless...

...Vincent Careau; Bethany J. Hoye; Terence W. O'Dwyer; William A. Buttemer The aerobic capacity model proposes that endothermy is a by-product of selection favouring high maximal metabolic rates (MMR) and its mechanistic coupling with basal metabolic rate (BMR). Attempts to validate this model...

... of Biologists Ltd 2014 Endothermy Dermochelys coriacea Jellyfish Diving Reptile Specific dynamic action Leatherback turtles, Dermochelys coriacea (Vandelli 1761), forage on gelatinous zooplankton in temperate waters of the North Atlantic Ocean during the summer and autumn ( James et al...

... phosphorylation decreases significantly following the induction of hypothyroidism. We propose AMPK as a principal regulatory mechanism during the transition from ectothermy to endothermy in birds, and show that AMPK function in birds is similar to that observed in mammals. * Author for correspondence...

... ). Evolution of endothermy in fish: mapping physiological traits on a molecular phylogeny. Science 260 , 210 -214. Bonnick, S. L. ( 2000 ). Osteoporosis,The Hand Book, third edition , 147 pp. Texas: Cooper Square Press. Brill, R. W. and Bushnell, P. G. ( 2001 ). The cardiovascular system of tunas...

.... Measurements of respiration within a range of T a showed that active beetles became spontaneously endothermic at T a below 28°C but were rarely endothermic above it. There was no evidence of endothermy within the inflorescences, indicating that activities in the floral chamber can occur without the high energy...

... 2008 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2008 2008 thermoregulation foraging pollen quality endothermy Bombus The power output of insect flight muscles is proportional to muscle temperature up to certain limits ( Coelho,1991 ; Esch, 1976 ),and thus thermoregulation plays...

... of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2525, USA(e-mail: [email protected] ) 19 9 2007 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2007 2007 endothermy metabolic rate temperature thermoregulation tuna The four genera ( Euthynnus, Katsuwonus, Auxis and Thunnus ) of tunas share a suite...

... for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 24 7 2007 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2007 2007 fatty acid metabolism lipid mass spectrometry glycerophospholipid reptile mammal endothermy ectothermy The resting metabolic rates of endothermic vertebrates, such as mammals...