... across the aquatic–terrestrial transition in Polypterus senegalus . Amphibious fishes Kinematics Electromyography Terrestrial locomotion Polypterus Locomotor transitions Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000038 RGPIN...

... switch in coordinated motor activity. Muscle activity Load Slope Electromyography Kinematics Stick insect Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659 Muscle activity showed substantial inclination-dependent changes during the transition from...

... elastic structures. In this study, we examined the functional roles of a major ankle extensor muscle, the lateral gastrocnemius (LG), and a major knee extensor muscle, the vastus lateralis (VL), through in vivo sonomicrometry and electromyography techniques, during vertical jumping by kangaroo rats. Our...

... of an inverted pendulum mechanism on the ground, while different gait and substrate contexts directly affect the muscular activity and the recovery rates toward higher costs. Centre of mass Electromyography Primate Locomotion Positive reinforcement IBISA Platform of the Centre National de la...

... at their preferred speed under two conditions: 0% and 10% incline treadmill grade. We used surface electromyography and B-mode ultrasound to estimate muscle activation and fascicle dynamics in the MG and LG. We observed a higher normalized activation in the MG than in the LG during stance, which did not translate...

... remain to this date unclear. To close this gap, we investigated the activity of both the locomotor and the sonic musculature using electromyography. The comparison between the activation patterns of both systems highlighted modifications of the neural motor pathway: (1) a transition from a bilateral...

.../ Summary: Similar to the patterns observed in larger animals, distal rat muscles favor economy and show limited fascicle strains across gaits and grades. Electromyography Work Gastrocnemius Plantaris Sonomicrometry Economy Skeletal muscles undergo time-varying force development...

... to leg kinematics (movements) and leg dynamics (forces, torques). Here, we studied these parameters in hindlegs of stick insects ( Carausius morosus ) during level and uphill/downhill (±45 deg) walking, using a combination of electromyography, 3D motion capture and ground reaction force measurements. We...

... the activation of GM, GL and SOL was estimated using electromyography (EMG). Functional muscle physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA) was estimated using imaging techniques and was considered as an index of muscle force-generating capacity. The distribution of activation and PCSA among the three muscles...

... of the locomotor muscles is modulated with these shifts, we used electromyography (EMG) to quantify patterns of in vivo muscle activity in forelimb and hindlimb muscles before and after autotomy. Forelimb muscles (biceps brachii and triceps brachii) exhibited no changes in motor recruitment, consistent...

... Lieber , R. L. and Ward , S. R. ( 2011 ). Skeletal muscle design to meet functional demands . Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B. Biol. Sci.   366 , 1466 - 1476 . 10.1098/rstb.2010.0316 Loeb , G. E. and Gans , C. ( 1986 ). The organization of muscle . In Electromyography...

... http://www.biologists.com/user-licence-1-1/ Summary: Unlike most limbless vertebrates, snakes can propel themselves without bending their long axis because of muscles that both move the skin relative to the underlying skeleton and modulate skin stiffness. Snake Muscle Electromyography...

...://www.biologists.com/user-licence-1-1/ Summary: We pinpoint the main skeletal muscles associated with the production of an elaborate gestural courtship display in a tropical bird, the golden-collared manakin. Skeletal muscle Electromyography Courtship behavior Social signal Biomechanics Golden...

... distinct adaptive strategies: an ankle-based strategy when stepping with the forefoot, and a hip-based strategy when stepping with the rearfoot. Electromyography Preferred walking speed Unanticipated bump Irregular surface Humans walk over different types of terrains on a daily basis...

... and ceratohyals that is influenced by the CM. Furthermore, the LHML may be temporarily disengaged during behaviors such as bite processing to release linkage constraints. Elasmobranchs Feeding Sonomicrometry Electromyography Four-bar linkage Catch mechanism Suction feeding performance in fishes...

... isometric ankle plantarflexion at 20 N m and 20% of the active torque measured during a maximal contraction, at three ankle angles (30 deg of plantarflexion, 0 and 25 deg of dorsiflexion; knee fully extended). Myoelectric activity (electromyography, EMG) provided an index of neural drive. Muscle shear...

... for correspondence ( bruce.jayne@uc.edu ) Summary: When bridging gaps between branches, snakes use highly variable patterns of epaxial muscle activity depending on body orientation and the location of muscles relative to the supporting surfaces. Boiga irregularis Cantilever Arboreal Electromyography...

... show the role of the stretched forelegs in flight of the beetle Mecynorrhina torquata . Using leg motion tracking and electromyography in flight, we found that the forelegs were voluntarily swung clockwise in yaw to induce counter-clockwise rotation of the body for turning left, and vice versa...

..., predict 40–80% of gastrocnemius forces, as confirmed via ultrasound-based estimates of tendon strains. B-mode ultrasound Electromyography Motor unit recruitment Musculoskeletal simulation Hill-type muscle models are ubiquitous in biomechanical analyses of human movement and more recently...

... 12 2016 © 2017. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2017 http://www.biologists.com/user-licence-1-1/ Summary: Temperature has similar effects on the motor control of feeding mechanisms in salamanders whether powered by muscle or by elastic recoil. Electromyography...