... of fruit flies to the insecticide fipronil. Motor control Central complex Mushroom bodies GABA Dopamine Flumazenil Universidad del Rosario http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100008793 University of Arizona http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100007899 For almost a century...

..., how quickly they are lost and in exactly how they shape the approach-avoidance balance. Timing-dependent valence reversal Associative learning Reinforcement Dopamine Mushroom body Wissenschaftsgemeinschaft Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology...

... of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the venom. In insects, dopamine receptors are classified as two families, the D1-like and the D2-like receptors. However, specific roles played by dopamine receptor subtypes in venom-induced behavioral manipulation by the jewel wasp remain largely unknown. In the present study, we used...

... of stimulation. To reveal the neuronal mechanisms underlying this defensive behavior, the effect of brain biogenic amines on the responses to tactile stimuli were investigated. The levels of octopamine (OA), dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5HT) in the brain were significantly elevated in ants that responded...

... in the serotonin neurotransmitter pathway that lowers basal stress levels but increases the amplitude of stress response can spread in cavefish populations living in singular environments. Cortisol Dopamine Environmental change Serotonin Monoaminergic systems control a variety of physiological...

... within the primary olfactory centers, the antennal lobes (ALs). To identify the underlying neuromodulatory mechanisms, we examined whether this age- and experience-dependent olfactory plasticity is mediated by dopamine (DA) through the Dop1 receptor, an ortholog of the vertebrate D1-type dopamine...

... of monoamines in explaining individual variation in personality, using two common pharmaceuticals that respectively alter the levels of serotonin and dopamine in the brain: fluoxetine and ropinirole. We exposed three-spined sticklebacks, a species that shows animal personality, to either chemical alone...

... sucrose and salt (i.e. discrimination learning), and four biogenic amines in the brain. We found that the smaller the group size, the more responsive a worker was to the sucrose reward. Honey bees raised in groups of 32 performed the best in the learning trials and had the highest levels of dopamine. We...

... resources alter neural systems to stimulate mating behavior. Compared with other females, females that were housed with and explored nest boxes had higher estradiol, higher preproenkephalin (PENK) mRNA and lower levels of D1 and D2 dopamine receptor mRNA in the medial preoptic area (mPOA); a region in which...

... discrimination approach with selective pharmacological injections to evaluate the effect of dopamine and octopamine in appetitive visual learning. Both octopaminergic and dopaminergic antagonists impaired visual discrimination performance, suggesting that both these biogenic amines modulate appetitive visual...

... with pharyngeal swallowing. Additional studies revealed that the LL cell is excited by blood serum applied to the lip and is strongly inhibited by dopamine. These findings provide a new foundation for understanding the regulation and modulation of neural networks involved in feeding. * Author...

... in decreased egg output. Transient activation of wake-promoting dopaminergic neurons decreased egg output in addition to sleep levels, thus demonstrating a direct negative impact of sleep deficit on reproductive output. Similarly, loss-of-function mutation in dopamine transporter fumin ( fmn ) led to both...

...Astra S. Bryant; Anna K. Greenwood; Scott A. Juntti; Allie E. Byrne; Russell D. Fernald ABSTRACT Dopamine regulates reproduction in part by modulating neuronal activity within the hypothalamic-pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis. Previous studies suggested numerous mechanisms by which dopamine exerts...

... floridanus actively seeks and self-administers morphine even in the absence of caloric value or additional natural reward. Using HPLC equipped with electrochemical detection, the neurochemicals serotonin, octopamine and dopamine were identified and subsequently quantified, establishing the concurrent...

...–37% wet mass). Injected dopamine (DA) reduced one measure of the viscosity of the cuticle by 38%. Plastic deformability of the cuticle was reduced by 70% after an in vitro stretch, but restored in fully engorged ticks, and in in vitro stretched loops by treatment with DA and reduced pH. Thinning...

...Inga Y. Rauschenbach; Evgenia K. Karpova; Natalya V. Adonyeva; Olga V. Andreenkova; Natalya V. Faddeeva; Elena V. Burdina; Alexander A. Alekseev; Petr N. Menshanov; Nataly E. Gruntenko Juvenile hormone (JH) and dopamine are involved in the stress response in insects. The insulin/insulin-like growth...

..., workers engage in an elaborate dominance tournament to establish a group of reproductive workers termed gamergates. We analyzed biogenic amine content in the brains of gamergates, inside-workers and foragers under stable colony conditions and found that gamergates had the highest levels of dopamine...

... and revisions: M.G., J.L.S. and J.M.M. COMPETING INTERESTS No competing interests declared. 29 5 2013 27 8 2013 © 2013. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd 2013 stress catecholamines dynamics serotonin dopamine trout When exposed to a stressor, animals...

... ). Of course, changes in brain size alone obviously do not account for all behavioral evolution (e.g. see Katz, 2011 ). activity allometry cerebellum dopamine exercise behavior locomotion motor control © 2013. 2013 11 6 2012 8 10 2012 ‡ Author for correspondence...

... does not, however, seem to explain the distinct and often subtle changes observed in rodent behaviour. One factor that could contribute to the specific changes is increased dopamine production by T. gondii. Recently, it was found that cells encysted with parasites in the brains of experimentally...