... Disease ecology Changing environmental conditions are hypothesized to influence the epidemiology of many diseases (e.g. Jones et al., 2008 ). One mechanism for increased susceptibility to disease is when environmental changes alter critical immune responses against pathogens ( Råberg et al., 1998...

.... , Altizer   S. M. ( 2011 ). Disease ecology meets ecological immunology: understanding the links between organismal immunity and infection dynamics in natural populations . Funct. Ecol.   25 , 48 - 60 . Holland   M. P. , Skelly   D. K. , Kashgarian   M. , Bolden   S. R. , Harrison...

... ( Noakes, 2006 ), certainly spent far more energy than endurance runners and cyclists during famous lower latitude sporting events. However, it was the long duration that made the polar exertions so physiologically and psychologically demanding. athletes BMR disease ecology endurance exercise...

... ecology of deforestation. This research will be imperative to help predict and prevent outbreaks that could affect avifauna, humans and other wildlife worldwide. [email protected] 23 12 2009 © 2010. 2010 deforestation birds infectious diseases disease ecology global change...

... on disease dynamics . In Infectious Disease Ecology: Effects Of Ecosystems on Disease and of Disease on Ecosystems (ed. Ostfeld R. S. , Keesing F. , Eviner V. T. ), pp. 12 - 29 . Princeton : Princeton University Press . Belden L. K. , Harris R. N. ( 2007 ). Infectious...