... in protocols of absolute and differential conditioning. Also, a clear behavioral difference has emerged between bees and ants. Despite a large dependence on vision for foraging and navigation, visual conditioning has proven to be more challenging than olfactory conditioning under the PER protocol ( Avarguès...

...Toshiya Yamashita; S. Shuichi Haupt; Hidetoshi Ikeno; Hiroyuki Ai ABSTRACT The odor localization strategy induced by odors learned via differential conditioning of the proboscis extension response was investigated in honeybees. In response to reward-associated but not non-reward-associated odors...

...–labium extension response). We differentially conditioned ants to discriminate between two long-chain hydrocarbons, one paired with sucrose and the other with quinine solution. Differential conditioning leads to the formation of a long-term memory retrievable at least 72 h after training. Long-term...

... [absolute conditioning (AC) and differential conditioning (DC)]. In the UV range, C. aenescens foragers failed to discriminate when presented with a small colour difference in both training procedures. Foragers also failed in the green range when trained with AC but showed significant bias towards...

... potentially creates a dilemma since environments rich in odometric cues might be poor in salient landmark cues, and vice versa . In the present study, honeybees were provided with differential conditioning to images of complex natural scenes, in order to determine if they could reliably learn to discriminate...

.... Differential conditioning experiments were carried out, in which moths had to distinguish between a rewarded (CS+)odorant and an explicitly unrewarded odorant (CS-), choosing odour concentrations giving the same learning rate in previous experiments. The best discrimination was found with β-myrcene...

...Yukihisa Matsumoto; Makoto Mizunami SUMMARY Temporal determinants of olfactory long-term memory retention in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus were studied. Elementary appetitive and aversive conditioning procedures, as well as a differential conditioning procedure, were applied. In appetitive...