... captive zebra finches ( Taeniopygia guttata ), we experimentally increased perceived mass via attachment of weighted backpacks and provided birds with either an ad libitum mixed-seed diet or supplementary high-fat diet to investigate: (1) how birds assess their own body mass and (2) the physiological...

... families. We then examined how acuity varies in relation to (1) eye size, (2) habitat spatial complexity, (3) habitat light level, (4) diet composition, (5) prey mobility and (6) foraging mode. A phylogenetically controlled model including all of the above factors as predictors indicated that eye size...

... attributed. Summary: Oxidation and egestion, metabolic rates and their rhythms in house geckos and pygmy shrews fed with three isotopically enriched fatty acids. Circadian rhythm Diet Fatty acid Nutrient oxidation Stable isotope Unsaturation Suncus etruscus Hemidactylus turcicus...

... change in an aposematic frog found evidence for consistent ontogenetic colour change, but no effect of dietary β-carotene. Carotenoid Colour Aposematic Diet Ontogeny Australian Research Council http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000923 LP170100351 NSW Environmental Trust...

... of the nutritional composition of larval diets (i.e. diet quality) on adult RMR has not been studied. Using in vitro rearing to control larval diet quality, we determined the effect of dietary protein and carbohydrate on honeybee survival to adulthood, time to eclosion, body mass/size and adult RMR. High...

... mechanisms could facilitate mass regulation in birds. Birds could regulate body mass by adjusting food intake (dieting), activity, baseline energetic requirements (basal metabolic rate), mitochondrial efficiency or assimilation efficiency. Here, we present the results of two experiments in captive red knots...

...Nicole L. Ackermans; Daniela E. Winkler; Louise F. Martin; Thomas M. Kaiser; Marcus Clauss; Jean-Michel Hatt ABSTRACT External abrasives ingested along with the herbivore diet are considered main contributors to dental wear, though how the different sizes and concentrations of these abrasives...

... muscle and heart ventricle of red-winged blackbird ( Agelaius phoeniceus ) nestlings, fledglings and adults. Additionally, using a diet manipulation, we tested the hypothesis that muscle SERCA activity is affected by dietary fatty acid composition, as has been shown in some previous studies. In blackbird...

...Christopher W. Weldon; Sandiso Mnguni; Fabien Démares; Esther E. du Rand; Kevin Malod; Aruna Manrakhan; Susan W. Nicolson ABSTRACT Adult holometabolous insects may derive metabolic resources from either larval or adult feeding, but little is known of whether adult diets can compensate...

... melanogaster as a platform on which to study obesity and obesity-related metabolic disorders. Lipid metabolism Insect Genetics Diet Lipid droplet The regulation of lipid homeostasis is crucial for animals in a wide variety of contexts. Fat reserves are typically tightly regulated to meet...

... al., 2016 ), and, given the recent improvements in sequencing technologies, additional crucial roles will soon be identified. Diet type as well as starvation have been shown to affect the microbiota community structure in several species ( Carey et al., 2013 ; Kohl et al., 2014 ; Sonnenburg...

... consumption of a high-sucrose diet has a pro-oxidant effect in rats . Br. J. Nutr.   87 , 337 - 342 . 10.1079/BJN2002524 Carrigan , M. A. , Uryasev , O. , Frye , C. B. , Eckman , B. L. , Myers , C. R. , Hurley , T. D. and Benner , S. A. ( 2015 ). Hominids adapted...

... turbidity, habitat spatial complexity and diet) variables. Acuity was significantly correlated with eye size ( P <0.001); a weaker correlation with body size occurred via a correlation between eye and body size ( P <0.001). Acuity decreased as light level decreased and turbidity increased; however...

... plasticity by diverting resources from non-vital to vital traits such as spatial memory to enhance foraging efficiency. We tested in young feral pigeons ( Columba livia ) how diets of different nutritional value during development affect the capacity to retrieve food hidden in a spatially complex environment...

... are able to discriminate different concentrations of a food mixture and hence nutrients by using their sense of taste, which may enable them to individually regulate food intake. Social insects Apidae Pollination Diet Perception Foraging Like all other animals, bees need the right amount...

...Michael Daniel; Trygve O. Tollefsbol; Hans H. Hoppeler Epigenetic mechanisms play a pivotal role in the expression of genes and can be influenced by both the quality and quantity of diet. Dietary compounds such as sulforaphane (SFN) found in cruciferous vegetables and epigallocatechin-3-gallate...

... in terms of health and fitness. Exposure to cold or heat is therefore expected to be associated with a high demand for antioxidants. In agreement, several studies have shown that supplementing the diet of thermally stressed organisms with antioxidants leads to a reduction of oxidative damage. However...

... of Biologists Ltd 2013 diet energy intake rate digestive constraint intertidal mudflats safety factors symmorphosis Yellow Sea Many aspects of an organism's phenotype appear fine-tuned with respect to environmental conditions ( Piersma and van Gils, 2011 ), and so the performance...

...Brian Bazzell; Sara Ginzberg; Lindsey Healy; R. J. Wessells SUMMARY The impact of dietary composition on exercise capacity is a subject of intense study in both humans and model organisms. Interactions between diet and genetics are a crucial component of optimized dietary design. However...

.... * Author for correspondence ( [email protected] ) 26 12 2011 © 2012. 2012 bat blood meal diet digestion flea herbivory rodent To maximize fitness, individuals of a species select habitats that present them with the resources of the highest available quality, largest...