... straight-line trajectory. Scarabaeidae Dung beetle Ball rolling Complex terrain Locomotion Control Human Frontier Science Program http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100004412 RGP0002/2017 Alexander von Humboldt Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100005156 UKR 1118826...

... within a radius of 1 body length (4.5 cm) on top of the sphere 90% of the time. The high-resolution observation enables the study of diverse locomotor behaviors and quantification of animal–obstacle interaction. Complex terrain Obstacle traversal Laboratory platform Experimental platform Insects...

... shape and motion is important for understanding body–environment interactions in complex terrain, but this is difficult to achieve (especially for local orientation and rotation). Here, we describe an interpolation method to quantify continuous body 3-D position and orientation. We simplify the body...

... Locomotion Obstacle traversal Complex terrain Terradynamics Summary: Generalist snakes divide their body into sections, each using distinct movement patterns, to get over large step-like obstacles. Such body partitioning may be generally useful for diverse, complex 3-D terrain. © 2019...