... when changing locomotory speed. Here, we investigated the kinematic changes that take place during an increase in swimming speed in the pteropod mollusk Clione limacina. Clione demonstrates two distinct swim speeds: a nearly constant slow swimming behavior and a fast swimming behavior used for escape...

...Richard A. Satterlie; Tigran P. Norekian; Sheryl Jordan; Charles J. Kazilek ABSTRACT Serotonin-immunoreactive somata in the pteropod mollusc Clione limacina were restricted to the cerebral and pedal ganglia. 10–14 pairs of cells were consistently found in the cerebral ganglia, including one large...

...Richard A. Satterlie ABSTRACT A symmetrical cluster of serotonin-immunoreactive neurons in the pedal ganglia of Clione limacina has been described morphologically and physiologically. At least five of the cluster neurons send axons to the ipsilateral wing that branch throughout the entire wing area...

...Richard A. Satterlie; Tigran P. Norekian ABSTRACT Swim acceleration in Clione limacina can occur via central inputs to pattern generator interneurons and motor neurons and through peripheral inputs to the swim musculature. In the previous paper, peripheral modulation of the swim muscles was shown...

...Richard A. Satterlie ABSTRACT Swim motor neurons of the pteropod mollusc Clione limacina were identified by a combination of electrophysiological and morphological characteristics. Two types of motor neurons were found, including small motor neurons which are active during both slow and fast...

... with the escape reaction in another gastropod mollusc, Clione limacina (subclass Opistobranchia, order Pterapoda). We have been able to identify some of the interneurones involved in this animal’s escape reaction. Clione swims using rhythmic movements of two wings, which are controlled by the locomotor CPG...

...RICHARD A. SATTERLIE Intracellular recordings from the swim musculature of the pteropod mollusc Clione limacina revealed two types of activity during spontaneous swimming movements. One group of muscle cells produced either excitatory junctional potentials (EJPs) or spike-like responses during both...