... balanced by kinematics so that as effort increases, oscillatory frequency and fluke flexibility increase. Locomotion Flexibility Cetacean Thrust-to-weight ratio Office of Naval Research http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000006 N000141410533 West Chester University...

... requirements. Biologging Cetacean Efficiency Locomotion Kinematics Office of Naval Research http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000006 N00014-17-1-2747 National Science Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001 N00014-11-1-0113 Department of Fisheries and Oceans...

... . 10.3354/meps10592 Here, we present a BCG method for detecting resting apneic heart rate in cetaceans using accelerometers. We validated the method in a controlled setting with simultaneous ECG and in a field setting by confirming expected physiological patterns. As accelerometer tags have been...

... a biomechanical perspective, as many small animals are inherently more agile than larger animals ( Domenici, 2001 ; Fish, 2002 ). Both krill and bait fish have effective escape responses ( Cade et al., 2020 ; Werth, 2012 ), which large cetaceans counter with a suite of morphological, kinematic and behavioral...

... to build energy budgets, and investigate the costs of diving in free-ranging animals where bio-logging data are available. We propose that a similar approach could be applied to other cetacean species. Animals expend energy in four physiological processes: maintenance, growth, reproduction and physical...

...-ratio lifting surfaces has evolved in many vertebrate lineages, from fish to cetaceans. Baleen whales (Mysticeti) are the largest swimming animals that exhibit this locomotor strategy, and present an ideal study system to examine how morphology and the kinematics of swimming scale to the largest body...

..., cardiorespiratory system and other attributes of diving physiology for pinnipeds and cetaceans to assess how physiological immaturity makes young marine mammals vulnerable to disturbance. Generally, the duration required for body oxygen stores to mature varies across species in accordance with the maternal...

...Lewis G. Halsey; Gil Iosilevskii ABSTRACT Displays of maximum swimming speeds are rare in the laboratory and the wild, limiting our understanding of the top-end athletic capacities of aquatic vertebrates. However, jumps out of the water – exhibited by a diversity of fish and cetaceans – might...

...Ida M. Kragh; Katherine McHugh; Randall S. Wells; Laela S. Sayigh; Vincent M. Janik; Peter L. Tyack; Frants H. Jensen ABSTRACT Anthropogenic underwater noise has increased over the past century, raising concern about the impact on cetaceans that rely on sound for communication, navigation...

... drivers of diving and surfacing heart rate in cetaceans whose faces are always mostly submerged. Using two trained harbour porpoises instrumented with an ECG-measuring sound-and-movement tag (DTAG-3), we investigated the initiation and progression of bradycardia and tachycardia during apnoea and eupnoea...

...-licence-1-1/ Summary: The relationship between body condition and blood and muscle O 2 stores in beluga whales may represent a vicious cycle, in which decreases in condition impair foraging ability, leading to further reductions in condition. Arctic climate change Cetacean Aerobic dive...

... bottlenose dolphin and explain the role of the retia mirabilia for the vascular supply to the brain. Rete mirabilis Cetacean Stroke volume Cardiac output Cetacean swimming requires considerable energy consumption. The complex metabolic needs of such a continuous effort have been studied...

... metabolic output. We investigated the locomotor muscle morphology and metabolism of this cetacean to determine whether its muscle profile (1) explains this unique swimming performance and feeding behaviour, (2) is or is not homogeneous within the muscle, and (3) predicts allometric variations inherent...

...T. Aran Mooney; Manuel Castellote; Lori Quakenbush; Roderick Hobbs; Eric Gaglione; Caroline Goertz ABSTRACT Documenting hearing abilities is vital to understanding a species’ acoustic ecology and for predicting the impacts of increasing anthropogenic noise. Cetaceans use sound for essential...

... intensely in pinnipeds, but comparatively little is known for cetaceans, in particular in ecologically relevant settings. Here, we studied the dive f H response in one of the smallest cetaceans, the harbour porpoise ( Phocoena phocoena ). We used a novel multi-sensor data logger to record dive behaviour, f...

... (median, 0.0035) to that in other cetaceans, indicated greater basal metabolic costs during diving than for other cetaceans. This could explain the comparatively short duration (8.9±1.5 min) of their deep dives (maximum depth, 444±85 m). Hydrodynamic gliding models indicated negative buoyancy of tissue...

..., it promotes enhanced muscle biochemistry: newborn and adult spinner dolphins had four- and two-times greater Mb contents than newborn and adult bottlenose dolphins, respectively. Indeed, adult levels rivaled those of deep-diving cetaceans. Nonetheless, the relatively underdeveloped muscle biochemistry...

...Shawn R. Noren; Robert Suydam ABSTRACT Little is known about the postnatal development of the physiological characteristics that support breath-hold in cetaceans, despite their need to swim and dive at birth. Arctic species have the additional demand of avoiding entrapment while navigating under...

...Marjoleine M. H. Roos; Gi-Mick Wu; Patrick J. O. Miller ABSTRACT Respiration rate has been used as an indicator of metabolic rate and associated cost of transport (COT) of free-ranging cetaceans, discounting potential respiration-by-respiration variation in O 2 uptake. To investigate the influence...

... (AEPs). All audiograms showed a typical cetacean U-shape; substantial variation (>30 dB) was found between most and least sensitive thresholds. All animals heard well, up to at least 128 kHz. Two heard up to 150 kHz. Lowest auditory thresholds (35–45 dB) were identified in the range 45–80 kHz...