... ) and a California sea lion ( Zalophus californianus ) were trained to breath hold in air and with their heads submerged in a basin with variable water level and temperature. We show that bradycardia occurs during apnea without immersion. We also demonstrate that bradycardia is strengthened by both increasing...

.... To determine how such variation in environmental temperature may impact energetic costs in otariids, we determined the thermal neutral zone of adult and juvenile California sea lions ( Zalophus californianus ) by measuring resting metabolic rate using open-flow respirometry. Five adult female (body mass range...

... the use of stomach temperature telemetry to identify and quantify prey consumed in both a phocid (northern elephant seal Mirounga angustirostris ) and an otariid (California sea lion Zalophus californianus ) species. In addition, we used opportunistic water consumption by northern elephant seals to test...

... environments. * Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 13 11 2002 © The Company of Biologists Limited 2003 2003 maneuverability stability turning swimming California sea lion Zalophus californianus Animals in motion must contend with the two seemingly...

...Jenifer A. Hurley; Daniel P. Costa SUMMARY The metabolic rate (MR) of four adult California sea lions ( Zalophus californianus ), two males and two females, was quantified during trained submersion and stationing behavior in laboratory tanks. MR was measured, at rest and for single submersions...

... plane that birds perceive from above while flying. Given that marine mammals use the water surface as the horizontal plane for orientation while diving, the ability of a California sea lion to mentally rotate two-dimensional shapes was tested. Using a successive two-alternative matching-to-sample...