... Gelasimus dampieri using its optokinetic responses to wide-field moving sinusoidal intensity gratings of different orientations, spatial frequencies, contrasts and speeds. We further tested whether the behavioural state of the crabs (i.e. whether crabs are actively walking or not) affects their optokinetic...

... 2009 © 2010. LPTC arousal behavioural state fly motor activity visual system When an animal moves through the world the images on its retinae are in continuous motion. Processing visual motion endows the animal with information about its self-movement and the three-dimensional...

... to separate the marker from the background, and the centre of brightness was calculated leading to a y -value representing haltere elevation. * Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected] ) 3 2 2009 2009 optomotor response variability behavioural state...

... into the haemolymph. 27 03 1995 © The Company of Biologists Limited 1995 aggression agonistic behaviour arousal behavioural state courtship copulation insect orthopteran cricket Gryllus bimaculatus . How animals alter their behaviour in order to respond to the demands...

...James R. Groome; Madeline Clark; Charles M. Lent ABSTRACT The behavioural state of an organism consists of an array of constituent behaviours or responses which may be altered differentially as the behavioural state of an animal changes ( Kupferman et al . 1991 ). The medicinal leech, Hirudo...