...) and thus insufficient homeostatic capacity. However, experimental data supporting this hypothesis are scarce. Here, by using Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua ) as a model, the relationship between embryo vulnerability (to projected ocean acidification and warming) and homeostatic capacity was explored through...

..., swimming efficiency and survival. We report on free-swimming wild Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua ) held in a large mesocosm that exhibited distinctly aberrant rotational swimming (scouring) when externally tagged with accelerometer data loggers. To quantify the phenomenon, the cod were tagged with two sizes...

...William R. Driedzic; Kathy A. Clow; Connie E. Short SUMMARY The aim of the present study was to assess whether mechanisms of glucose trafficking by red blood cells (RBCs) relate to species-specific extracellular glucose levels. Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua ), Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ), cunner...

... of Biologists Limited 2007 2007 Atlantic cod Gadus morhua critical swimming speed in vivo 31 P-NMR spectroscopy high-energy phosphates Gibb's free energy intracellular pH The critical swimming speed ( U crit ) test was originally introduced in a study looking at the fitness of salmon...

... (i.v.) and intramuscularly (i.m.) injected pDNA in Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua L.). The anatomical distribution of pDNA was determined using both morphological and radiotracing methods. Cellular uptake and receptor specificity were studied in cultures of cod atrial endocardial endothelial cells (aEEC...

...Jennifer R. Hall; Connie E. Short; William R. Driedzic SUMMARY cDNAs of putative glucose transporters, GLUT4 and GLUT2, were cloned from Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua ). The GLUT4 cDNA encodes a 503 amino acid and the GLUT2 cDNA a 506 amino acid protein. Phylogenetic analysis, amino acid sequence...

...,metallothionein (MT) and CYP1A, were examined with real-time quantitative (q)RT-PCR in hepatic tissue of Atlantic cod exposed to 46% (hypoxia), 76%(normoxia) and 145% (hyperoxia) O 2 saturation (tank outlet). To evaluate the oxidative stress state, the levels of total glutathione (tGSH),reduced glutathione (GSH...

...Jennifer R. Hall; Tyson J. MacCormack; Catherine A. Barry; William R. Driedzic SUMMARY A putative glucose transporter, GLUT1, is reported for Atlantic cod Gadus morhua . A combination of RT-PCR, RLM-RACE and genome walking were used to articulate a 4560 bp cDNA (GenBank accession number AY526497...

...M. Martínez; M. Bédard; J.-D. Dutil; H. Guderley SUMMARY To compare the sensitivity of sprint and critical( U crit ) swimming speeds to the condition of Atlantic cod( Gadus morhua ) and to identify the best anatomic, behavioural and biochemical correlates of these types of swimming, we...

...P. V. Skov; J. F. Steffensen SUMMARY The volume of the primary (PCS) and secondary (SCS) circulatory system in the Atlantic cod Gadus morhua was determined using a modified dye dilution technique. Cod ( N =10) were chronically cannulated in the second afferent branchial artery with PE-50 tubing...

...M. Martínez; H. Guderley; J.-D. Dutil; P. D. Winger; P. He; S. J. Walsh SUMMARY This study evaluated the link between swimming endurance and condition of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua that had been fed or starved during the 16 weeks preceding the tests, and assessed whether muscle metabolic capacities...

...Maria Faldborg Petersen; John Fleng Steffensen SUMMARY Atlantic cod Gadus morhua has polymorphic haemoglobin, which can be separated into two homozygous types, HbI-1 and HbI-2, and one heterozygous type HbI-1/2. The geographical distribution of Atlantic cod with the different haemoglobin types...

... ventricular muscle preparations from yellowtail flounder is potentiated at the onset of anoxia,while force immediately declines in Atlantic cod preparations. Glibenclamide,a general K ATP blocker, impaired oxygenated force development in yellowtail flounder heart but was without effect on cod preparations...

...Tore Seternes; Roy A. Dalmo; James Hoffman; Jarl Bøgwald; Svetlana Zykova; Bård Smedsrød SUMMARY The mechanism of elimination of blood-borne Vibrio salmonicida lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua L.) was studied. The anatomical distribution of LPS was determined using both...

...Tore Seternes; Inger Øynebråten; Karen Sørensen; Bård Smedsrød ABSTRACT The catabolic fate of circulating hyaluronan and the proteoglycan chondroitin sulphate (CSPG) was studied in the Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua L.). Distribution studies using radio-iodinated ligand demonstrated that CSPG...

... (30–50°N). In the Gulf of Maine, present-day irradiances of ultraviolet-A (UVA, 320–400 nm) radiation can penetrate to depths of 23 m and UVB radiation can penetrate to depths of 7–12 m, where the rapidly developing embryos and larvae of the Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua ) are known to occur. Laboratory...

...Catharina Olsson; Susanne Holmgren ABSTRACT The possible inhibitory roles of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and nitric oxide in the control of intestinal motility were investigated in the Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua . Circular...

...S. P. Reidy; S. R. Kerr; J. A. Nelson ABSTRACT Individual Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua ) were exercised using three different measures of swimming performance. (1) An endurance test (critical swimming speed, U crit , protocol) designed to assess predominantly aerobic endurance swimming (duration...

... Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua ) embryos, CPSase III, ornithine transcarbamoylase (OTCase), glutamine synthetase (GSase) and arginase activities were all expressed prior to hatching. Urea excretion was detected shortly after fertilization and rates were high relative to those of ammonia excretion (50–100...

... white muscle fibers of the Atlantic cod Gadus morhu a L. The present study investigates the biochemical correlates of this rostral–caudal physiological variation. Using denaturing gel electrophoresis, a series of fresh muscle samples from the dorsal epaxial muscle region was analyzed and several...